慈濟大學（後中醫）
104年
英文
第 34 題
📖 題組：
While the left hemisphere in the brain is innately predisposed to specialize for language, there is also evidence of considerable plasticity in the right hemisphere during the early stages of language development. Under certain circumstances, the right hemisphere can take over many of the language functions that would normally reside in the left hemisphere. An impressive illustration is provided by children who have undergone a procedure known as hemispherectomy, in which one hemisphere of the brain is surgically removed. This procedure is used to treat otherwise intractable cases of epilepsy. In cases of left hemispherectomy after language acquisition has begun, the children experience an initial period of aphasia. However, depending on the underlying disease that leads to the epilepsy, some children may reacquire a linguistic system virtually indistinguishable from that of normal children. They also show many of the developmental patterns of normal language acquisition. UCLA researchers who have studied many of these children hypothesize that the latent linguistic ability of the right hemisphere is “freed” by the removal of the diseased left hemisphere, which may have had a strong inhibitory effect before the surgery.
While the left hemisphere in the brain is innately predisposed to specialize for language, there is also evidence of considerable plasticity in the right hemisphere during the early stages of language development. Under certain circumstances, the right hemisphere can take over many of the language functions that would normally reside in the left hemisphere. An impressive illustration is provided by children who have undergone a procedure known as hemispherectomy, in which one hemisphere of the brain is surgically removed. This procedure is used to treat otherwise intractable cases of epilepsy. In cases of left hemispherectomy after language acquisition has begun, the children experience an initial period of aphasia. However, depending on the underlying disease that leads to the epilepsy, some children may reacquire a linguistic system virtually indistinguishable from that of normal children. They also show many of the developmental patterns of normal language acquisition. UCLA researchers who have studied many of these children hypothesize that the latent linguistic ability of the right hemisphere is “freed” by the removal of the diseased left hemisphere, which may have had a strong inhibitory effect before the surgery.
The word “freed” in the last sentence of this article means _____.
- A released
- B excluded
- C limited
- D controlled
思路引導 VIP
請思考一下：文中提到左半球原本對右半球有一種「抑制（inhibitory）」的作用。如果我們把這個「抑制」想像成一個關著門的柵欄，當手術把這個柵欄移除後，原本被關在裡面的能力會發生什麼樣的變動？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
非常好！你能準確判斷出 (A) released 是最合適的答案，顯示你對文章脈絡的掌握十分敏銳。這題的難點在於理解「大腦功能代償」的科學機制，而不僅僅是考驗單字量，更側重於邏輯推論。
語境中的語義連結
文中提到，左半球對右半球具有「強大的抑制作用（inhibitory effect）」。當手術移除病變的左半球後，原本被壓抑的潛在語言能力便不再受到束縛。因此，這裡的 "freed" 描述的是一種「解除限制」或「釋放」的動態過程，與選項 released 的含義完美契合，表達出潛能得以發揮的狀態。
▼ 還有更多解析內容
語境字義推論與大腦可塑性
💡 運用上下文因果關係推論單字在文中的確切含義。
🔗 語言功能恢復邏輯鏈
- 1 左腦病變抑制 — 患病左腦對右腦潛在語言功能產生強力抑制
- 2 外科切除手術 — 執行半球切除術 (hemispherectomy) 移除病灶
- 3 解除束縛 (Freed) — 右腦潛能被「釋放」 (released)，不再受抑制
- 4 功能重組再習得 — 右腦展現可塑性，重新發展出完整的語言系統
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🔄 延伸學習：延伸學習：了解神經科學中「代償作用」與「關鍵期」的關係
