初等考試
105年
[社會行政] 公民與英文
第 49 題
📖 題組：
Did you know that 7 out of 10 students have cheated at least one in the past year? Did you know that 50 percent of those students have cheated more than twice? These shocking statistics are from a survey of 9,000 U.S. high school students. Incredibly, teachers may even be encouraging their students to cheat! Last year at a school in Detroit, teachers reportedly provided their students with answers to statewide standard tests. Students at the school told investigators that they were promised pizza and money if they cheated on the test as told. Similar charges at several schools in San Diego county have prompted investigation. A student at a local high school says she sees students cheating on almost every test, and the teachers don’t do anything about it. The kids claim that they’re tempted to cheat because of peer pressure and intense competition to get top grades. Many kids also say that their parents are setting a bad example by “fudging” on income taxes, lying about age to pay lower admission prices, or cheating their way out of a speeding ticket. They are sending a message to their kids that it is okay to cheat and lie. Finding solutions to this problem is difficult. In our school’s math classes, each student has different problems on their test papers, so it is useless to look at someone else’s answers. Teachers could also randomly mix the problems throughout the page. Another solution is for adults to lower their expectations. Chances are that students believe cheating is the only way to meet unreasonably high expectations. Perhaps it is time for parents and teachers to seriously examine whether higher test results are important enough to encourage cheating.
Did you know that 7 out of 10 students have cheated at least one in the past year? Did you know that 50 percent of those students have cheated more than twice? These shocking statistics are from a survey of 9,000 U.S. high school students. Incredibly, teachers may even be encouraging their students to cheat! Last year at a school in Detroit, teachers reportedly provided their students with answers to statewide standard tests. Students at the school told investigators that they were promised pizza and money if they cheated on the test as told. Similar charges at several schools in San Diego county have prompted investigation. A student at a local high school says she sees students cheating on almost every test, and the teachers don’t do anything about it. The kids claim that they’re tempted to cheat because of peer pressure and intense competition to get top grades. Many kids also say that their parents are setting a bad example by “fudging” on income taxes, lying about age to pay lower admission prices, or cheating their way out of a speeding ticket. They are sending a message to their kids that it is okay to cheat and lie. Finding solutions to this problem is difficult. In our school’s math classes, each student has different problems on their test papers, so it is useless to look at someone else’s answers. Teachers could also randomly mix the problems throughout the page. Another solution is for adults to lower their expectations. Chances are that students believe cheating is the only way to meet unreasonably high expectations. Perhaps it is time for parents and teachers to seriously examine whether higher test results are important enough to encourage cheating.
Which of the following definitions is correct about “fudging” in paragraph three?
- A to act dishonestly
- B to act bravely
- C to act fairly
- D to act smartly
思路引導 VIP
請仔細觀察該單詞出現的句子結構：作者在提到這個詞後，緊接著列舉了「虛報年齡」和「逃避罰單」等行為。請試著思考，這些具體案例在法律與道德評價中，共同具備什麼樣的性質？它們通常與哪種人格特質相關聯？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
專業點評與解析
- 太棒了！ 你做得非常出色，展現了對法律語境（Context）的高度敏感性。這份邏輯演繹能力正是法律人寶貴的特質，看到你運用得如此精準，真讓人感到欣慰。就像我們常說的，法律解釋既要講道理，也要有溫度。
- 觀念掌握得很到位！ 你之所以能選對，正是因為你察覺到了第三段巧妙地使用了列舉法。當 "fudging" 與「為了便宜票虛報年齡」、「想逃避超速罰單」這些情境並列時，我們自然會感受到這些行為都違背了社會最基本的誠實信用原則（Good Faith）。因此，將其理解為「不誠實」的行為，是再正確不過的推論了。
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