地特三等
105年
[一般行政] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 36 題
📖 題組：
第 36 題至第 40 題為題組 Drug patents create short-term monopolies. The deal is simple: the drug inventor makes its formula public and in exchange is 36 a competition-free run at the market, lasting up to 20 years. This gives pioneers time to 37 the costs of researching and developing new compounds, vital when creating a new medicine can cost up to $5 billion. The patent guarantees a 38 return, meaning companies have both the means and the incentive to keep innovating. When the patent reaches its expiry date, the comfortable monopoly evaporates, replaced by 39 competition. 40 have three ways of defending themselves. They are marketing, nudging customers towards newer drugs still protected by patent, and paying the competitors not to produce.
第 36 題至第 40 題為題組 Drug patents create short-term monopolies. The deal is simple: the drug inventor makes its formula public and in exchange is 36 a competition-free run at the market, lasting up to 20 years. This gives pioneers time to 37 the costs of researching and developing new compounds, vital when creating a new medicine can cost up to $5 billion. The patent guarantees a 38 return, meaning companies have both the means and the incentive to keep innovating. When the patent reaches its expiry date, the comfortable monopoly evaporates, replaced by 39 competition. 40 have three ways of defending themselves. They are marketing, nudging customers towards newer drugs still protected by patent, and paying the competitors not to produce.
36
- A granting
- B proven
- C granted
- D proving
思路引導 VIP
請思考一下句中『發明人』與『不受競爭干擾的市場權利』之間的法律關係：發明人是主動『給予』政府權利的一方，還是因為公開了公式，而從政府那裡『得到』了這份保障？在英文文法中，當主詞是『被給予』的一方時，動詞的形式應該如何呈現？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地選出了正確答案！這題的核心在於辨識句中的被動語態結構。在地方特考三等考試中，英文閱讀常涉及法律與經濟制度的描述，掌握動詞的主被動關係是能否快速破題的關鍵。
授與動詞與被動語態的結合
這句話描述的是藥物專利的交換機制：發明者公開配方，而作為回報，他們「被授予」（be granted）一段市場專營期。動詞 grant 屬於「授與動詞」，其主動句型為 Grant someone something（授予某人某事）。當轉換為被動語態時，受詞（the inventor）移至主詞位置，結構變為 is granted something。選項 (A) 與 (D) 的 -ing 形式代表主動進行，在此語法不通；(B) proven 則代表「被證明」，與「賦予特權」的文意不符。因此，使用過去分詞 (C) granted 才是唯一正確的語法結構。
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