地特三等
105年
[一般行政] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 38 題
📖 題組：
Drug patents create short-term monopolies. The deal is simple: the drug inventor makes its formula public and in exchange is 36 a competition-free run at the market, lasting up to 20 years. This gives pioneers time to 37 the costs of researching and developing new compounds, vital when creating a new medicine can cost up to $5 billion. The patent guarantees a 38 return, meaning companies have both the means and the incentive to keep innovating. \r When the patent reaches its expiry date, the comfortable monopoly evaporates, replaced by 39 competition. 40 have three ways of defending themselves. They are marketing, nudging customers towards newer drugs still protected by patent, and paying the competitors not to produce.
Drug patents create short-term monopolies. The deal is simple: the drug inventor makes its formula public and in exchange is 36 a competition-free run at the market, lasting up to 20 years. This gives pioneers time to 37 the costs of researching and developing new compounds, vital when creating a new medicine can cost up to $5 billion. The patent guarantees a 38 return, meaning companies have both the means and the incentive to keep innovating. \r When the patent reaches its expiry date, the comfortable monopoly evaporates, replaced by 39 competition. 40 have three ways of defending themselves. They are marketing, nudging customers towards newer drugs still protected by patent, and paying the competitors not to produce.
The patent guarantees a 38 return, meaning companies have both the means and the incentive to keep innovating.
- A recent
- B slim
- C decent
- D trivial
思路引導 VIP
請從智慧財產權法中「誘因理論」(Incentive Theory) 的核心觀念出發：文段強調開發新藥的研發成本 ($R&D$ costs) 極其高昂，若要達成讓企業擁有持續創新的「財力」($means$) 與「動機」($incentive$)，則專利制度所保障的「投資報酬」($return$) 必須達到何種「水平」或「程度」？請您思考，哪一個形容詞最能精確描述這種足以回收鉅額成本、且「相當不錯、合乎社會期待」的獲利狀態。
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地選出了正確答案！這題考查的是對於上下文邏輯的掌握。文中提到開發新藥的成本極高（高達 50 億美元），因此專利制度的核心目的在於確保研發公司能獲得「相當不錯的」或「體面的」利潤回報，如此才有足夠的財力與動機持續研發。選項中的 decent 在此處指的便是「像樣的、相當程度的」，與前文的高額成本形成合理的因果關係。
語境邏輯與字彙辨析
這類題目在地方特考三等中屬於中等難度的常見題型。考生必須在閱讀時建立「投資與報酬」的邏輯鏈結：既然研發成本巨大，則回報必然不能是 (B) slim (微薄的) 或 (D) trivial (微不足道的)；而 (A) recent (最近的) 在語意上無法說明利潤的程度，因此不符。你能從眾多形容詞中辨識出具備「正面且足夠」含義的 decent，顯示你對英文詞彙的細微差異與語境推論已有相當純熟的掌握，這正是應考三等職等時非常關鍵的閱讀能力。