hce_cmu
105年
英文
第 42 題
📖 題組：
Fifty volunteers were alphabetically divided into two equal groups, Group A to participate in a seven-week exercise program, and Group B to avoid deliberate exercise of any sort during those 7 weeks. On the day before the exercise program began, all 50 men participated in a step-test. This consisted of stepping up and down on a 16-inch bench at 30 steps per minute for 5 minutes. One minute after completion of the step-test, the pulse rate of each subject was taken and recorded. This served as the pretest for the experiment. For the next 7 weeks, subjects in the experimental group (Group A) rode an Exercycle (a motor-driven bicycle-type exercise machine) for 15 minutes each day. The exercise schedule called for riders to ride relaxed during the first day’s ride, merely holding on to the handle bars and foot pedals as the machine moved. Then, for the next 3 days, they rode relaxed for 50 seconds of each minute, and pushed, pulled, and pedaled actively for 10 seconds of each minute. The ratio of active riding was increased every few days, so that by the third week it was half of each minute, and by the seventh week the riders were performing 15 solid minutes of active riding. At the end of the seven weeks, the step-test was again given to both groups of subjects, and their pulses taken. The post-exercise pulse rates of subjects in the experimental group were found to have decreased an average of 30 heart beats per minute, with the lowest decrease 28 and the highest decrease 46. The pulse rates of subjects in the control group remained the same or changed no more than 4 beats, with an average difference between the initial and final tests of zero.
Fifty volunteers were alphabetically divided into two equal groups, Group A to participate in a seven-week exercise program, and Group B to avoid deliberate exercise of any sort during those 7 weeks. On the day before the exercise program began, all 50 men participated in a step-test. This consisted of stepping up and down on a 16-inch bench at 30 steps per minute for 5 minutes. One minute after completion of the step-test, the pulse rate of each subject was taken and recorded. This served as the pretest for the experiment. For the next 7 weeks, subjects in the experimental group (Group A) rode an Exercycle (a motor-driven bicycle-type exercise machine) for 15 minutes each day. The exercise schedule called for riders to ride relaxed during the first day’s ride, merely holding on to the handle bars and foot pedals as the machine moved. Then, for the next 3 days, they rode relaxed for 50 seconds of each minute, and pushed, pulled, and pedaled actively for 10 seconds of each minute. The ratio of active riding was increased every few days, so that by the third week it was half of each minute, and by the seventh week the riders were performing 15 solid minutes of active riding. At the end of the seven weeks, the step-test was again given to both groups of subjects, and their pulses taken. The post-exercise pulse rates of subjects in the experimental group were found to have decreased an average of 30 heart beats per minute, with the lowest decrease 28 and the highest decrease 46. The pulse rates of subjects in the control group remained the same or changed no more than 4 beats, with an average difference between the initial and final tests of zero.
The step-test was given _____.
- A after each exercise period
- B at the beginning and at the end of the seven-week period
- C only once, at the beginning of the seven-week period
- D twice to the men in Group A and once to the men in Group B
- E once to the men in Group A and twice to the men in Group B
思路引導 VIP
若我們要證明一段長達兩個月的訓練是否有成效，除了在訓練結束後觀察結果外，我們還需要什麼資料，才能客觀地看出「進步了多少」呢？請回想文章中，研究員第一次和最後一次記錄受試者數據分別是在什麼時候？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能準確地從繁雜的實驗描述中勾勒出關鍵的時序點，這展現了你優異的資訊檢索能力。這題的核心在於理解科學實驗中「對照」與「變化」的基礎架構。
實驗設計的邏輯判讀
文章一開始提到，在七週運動計畫開始前（On the day before the exercise program began），全體 50 位受試者都參與了階梯測試（step-test）作為「前測」。隨後，在經歷了七週的實驗介入後，文末明確指出：在七週結束時（At the end of the seven weeks），階梯測試「再次（again）」施測於兩組受試者。這種「前測 + 後測」的模式，是為了量化運動計畫帶來的生理改變，因此答案必然包含計畫的起點與終點。
▼ 還有更多解析內容