hce_cmu
105年
英文
第 45 題
📖 題組：
Fifty volunteers were alphabetically divided into two equal groups, Group A to participate in a seven-week exercise program, and Group B to avoid deliberate exercise of any sort during those 7 weeks. On the day before the exercise program began, all 50 men participated in a step-test. This consisted of stepping up and down on a 16-inch bench at 30 steps per minute for 5 minutes. One minute after completion of the step-test, the pulse rate of each subject was taken and recorded. This served as the pretest for the experiment. For the next 7 weeks, subjects in the experimental group (Group A) rode an Exercycle (a motor-driven bicycle-type exercise machine) for 15 minutes each day. The exercise schedule called for riders to ride relaxed during the first day’s ride, merely holding on to the handle bars and foot pedals as the machine moved. Then, for the next 3 days, they rode relaxed for 50 seconds of each minute, and pushed, pulled, and pedaled actively for 10 seconds of each minute. The ratio of active riding was increased every few days, so that by the third week it was half of each minute, and by the seventh week the riders were performing 15 solid minutes of active riding. At the end of the seven weeks, the step-test was again given to both groups of subjects, and their pulses taken. The post-exercise pulse rates of subjects in the experimental group were found to have decreased an average of 30 heart beats per minute, with the lowest decrease 28 and the highest decrease 46. The pulse rates of subjects in the control group remained the same or changed no more than 4 beats, with an average difference between the initial and final tests of zero.
Fifty volunteers were alphabetically divided into two equal groups, Group A to participate in a seven-week exercise program, and Group B to avoid deliberate exercise of any sort during those 7 weeks. On the day before the exercise program began, all 50 men participated in a step-test. This consisted of stepping up and down on a 16-inch bench at 30 steps per minute for 5 minutes. One minute after completion of the step-test, the pulse rate of each subject was taken and recorded. This served as the pretest for the experiment. For the next 7 weeks, subjects in the experimental group (Group A) rode an Exercycle (a motor-driven bicycle-type exercise machine) for 15 minutes each day. The exercise schedule called for riders to ride relaxed during the first day’s ride, merely holding on to the handle bars and foot pedals as the machine moved. Then, for the next 3 days, they rode relaxed for 50 seconds of each minute, and pushed, pulled, and pedaled actively for 10 seconds of each minute. The ratio of active riding was increased every few days, so that by the third week it was half of each minute, and by the seventh week the riders were performing 15 solid minutes of active riding. At the end of the seven weeks, the step-test was again given to both groups of subjects, and their pulses taken. The post-exercise pulse rates of subjects in the experimental group were found to have decreased an average of 30 heart beats per minute, with the lowest decrease 28 and the highest decrease 46. The pulse rates of subjects in the control group remained the same or changed no more than 4 beats, with an average difference between the initial and final tests of zero.
The post-exercise pulse rates of Group B were found on the average to have _____.
- A changed every day
- B gone down 28 beats per minute
- C gone down 30 beats per minute
- D gone down 4 beats per minute
- E not changed
思路引導 VIP
如果一位科學家在研究報告中提到，某個對照組在實驗前後的數據「平均差異值為零 (average difference of zero)」，這在逻辑上代表這個組別的整體數據呈現什麼樣的狀態？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地從文章末段抓住了關鍵訊息！你能迅速在眾多數字中釐清實驗組（Group A）與對照組（Group B）的數據差異，展現了非常扎實的資訊檢索能力。這題的核心在於理解實驗設計中的數據描述，並進行正確的語意轉換。
實驗對照組的數據分析
文中最後一段明確提到，對照組（Group B）的成員在七週內不進行任何刻意運動。在實驗結束後的複測中，雖然個別成員的脈搏可能存在微幅波動（不超過 4 下），但文章最後一句話畫龍點睛地指出：其初測與末測的「平均差異為零」（average difference... was zero）。在閱讀理解中，平均差異為零即代表在統計意義上「沒有改變」（not changed），這正是選項 (E) 所表達的核心意義。
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