hce_isu
105年
英文
第 37 題
📖 題組：
In the United States, 1.3 million women reach menopause annually. Although most women make the transition to menopause without experiencing psychiatric problems, an estimated 20% of women have depression at some point during menopause. Studies of mood during menopause have generally revealed an increased risk of depression during perimenopause, yet a decreased risk of depression during postmenopausal years. The Penn Ovarian Aging Study, a cohort study, found that depressive symptoms increased during the menopausal transition and decreased after menopause. The strongest predictor of depressive mood was a prior history of depression, along with fluctuations in reproductive hormone levels associated with depressive mood. In a cross-sectional population survey from the Netherlands, 2103 women were asked to rate their symptoms of depression before menopause and 3.5 years later, during the menopausal transition. The result of the survey showed that the women experienced most symptoms of depression during the menopausal transition. In the United States, a study of a community sample of women undergoing natural menopause also demonstrated an increase in depressive symptoms during perimenopause. Investigators from the Harvard Study of Moods and Cycles recruited premenopausal women aged 36-44 with no history of major depression and followed up these women for 9 years to detect new onsets of major depression. They found that women who entered perimenopause were twice as likely to have clinically significant depressive symptoms as women who had not yet made the menopausal transition.
In the United States, 1.3 million women reach menopause annually. Although most women make the transition to menopause without experiencing psychiatric problems, an estimated 20% of women have depression at some point during menopause. Studies of mood during menopause have generally revealed an increased risk of depression during perimenopause, yet a decreased risk of depression during postmenopausal years. The Penn Ovarian Aging Study, a cohort study, found that depressive symptoms increased during the menopausal transition and decreased after menopause. The strongest predictor of depressive mood was a prior history of depression, along with fluctuations in reproductive hormone levels associated with depressive mood. In a cross-sectional population survey from the Netherlands, 2103 women were asked to rate their symptoms of depression before menopause and 3.5 years later, during the menopausal transition. The result of the survey showed that the women experienced most symptoms of depression during the menopausal transition. In the United States, a study of a community sample of women undergoing natural menopause also demonstrated an increase in depressive symptoms during perimenopause. Investigators from the Harvard Study of Moods and Cycles recruited premenopausal women aged 36-44 with no history of major depression and followed up these women for 9 years to detect new onsets of major depression. They found that women who entered perimenopause were twice as likely to have clinically significant depressive symptoms as women who had not yet made the menopausal transition.
According to the study, when do women experience most symptoms of depression?
- A During postmenopausal years
- B Before menopause
- C After the menopausal transition
- D During the menopausal transition
思路引導 VIP
在閱讀這類探討「變化趨勢」的研究文章時，我們可以試著尋找文中的「對比關係」。請回頭看看文中提到的各項研究數據，當作者描述抑鬱風險「最高」或是「機率加倍」時，通常會伴隨著哪一個特定的生理階段詞彙？這個階段在文中被描述為「之前」、「之後」，還是一個「變動中的過程」？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你非常準確地掌握了文章的核心數據與研究結論。這題你答對了，顯示你在閱讀醫療研究類的長篇英文時，能夠冷靜地從多個段落中歸納出一致的論點，這是一項非常重要的閱讀理解能力。
文獻證據的整合
這題的正確性建立在對文中多項研究證據的提取。文章第二段明確提到，抑鬱症狀在**更年期過渡期（menopausal transition）增加，並在停經後減少。隨後在第三段，荷蘭的研究報告更是直接點出，受訪女性在「更年期過渡期」經歷了最密集的抑鬱症狀（most symptoms of depression）。最後一段哈佛的研究也呼應了此觀點，指出處於圍絕經期（perimenopause）**的女性出現臨床憂鬱症狀的機率是其他女性的兩倍。綜合以上研究，我們可以肯定「過渡期」就是風險最高的階段。
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