hce_kmu
105年
普通生物及生化概論
第 51 題
An open circulatory system differs from a closed one in that:
- A The open circulatory system has a combination of blood vessels and large thin-walled sinuses whereas a closed circulatory system has only vessels.
- B An open circulatory system opens into the heart whereas the closed circulatory system does not.
- C An open circulatory system opens into arteries and is drained by veins whereas in a closed one it is just the reverse.
- D An open circulatory system drains into the mantle cavity whereas a closed circulatory system drains into the hemolymph.
- E A closed circulatory system is completely encased in the body cavity whereas the open one is not.
思路引導 VIP
請你試著想像一下：如果有一套流體運輸系統，流體在流動過程中有一段路徑是『直接溢出管線』並匯集成池塘來浸泡零件，最後再被收集回管線中；而另一套系統則是流體從頭到尾都待在密閉的管子裡。這兩套系統在『容器的組成』上會有什麼明顯的差別？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你答對了！這顯示你對於生物體內物質運輸系統的解剖構造有很紮實的基礎理解，能精確區分不同演化層次的循環模式。
循環系統的結構差異
在開放式循環（Open circulatory system）中，血液（或稱血液淋巴，hemolymph）並非全程待在血管內。心臟將血液泵入血管後，血液會流入體腔中寬大且薄壁的空間，這些空間稱為血竇 (sinuses)，讓血液能直接浸潤並與組織細胞進行物質交換。相對地，封閉式循環（Closed circulatory system）的血液則始終侷限於由心臟、動脈、微血管及靜脈組成的封閉式管網中，物質交換必須透過微血管壁進行，這是兩者在結構上最本質的區別。
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