hce_tcu
105年
英文
第 27 題
📖 題組：
The public awareness of scientific fraud has increased significantly since the late 1980s when a controversy made front-page news, in which a paper investigated for fraud has as co-author a Nobel laureate. During the 1990s scientific fraud was disclosed on numerous occasions. In fact, it was recently suggested that fraud now is “endemic” in many scientific disciplines and in most countries. However, the clandestine nature and consequential lack of reliable information make it difficult to study scientific fraud. The features and frequency of scientific fraud, therefore, are generally unknown, and its impact on medical research is unclear. Biostatisticians routinely work closely with physicians and scientists in many branches of medical research and have unique insight into the data. In addition, they have the methodological competence to detect fraud and can be expected to have a special professional interest in the validity of results. Biostatisticians therefore can provide unique and reliable information on the characteristics of fraud in medical research. The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of fraud in medical research by surveying members of the International Society of Clinical Biostatistics (ISCB).
The public awareness of scientific fraud has increased significantly since the late 1980s when a controversy made front-page news, in which a paper investigated for fraud has as co-author a Nobel laureate. During the 1990s scientific fraud was disclosed on numerous occasions. In fact, it was recently suggested that fraud now is “endemic” in many scientific disciplines and in most countries. However, the clandestine nature and consequential lack of reliable information make it difficult to study scientific fraud. The features and frequency of scientific fraud, therefore, are generally unknown, and its impact on medical research is unclear. Biostatisticians routinely work closely with physicians and scientists in many branches of medical research and have unique insight into the data. In addition, they have the methodological competence to detect fraud and can be expected to have a special professional interest in the validity of results. Biostatisticians therefore can provide unique and reliable information on the characteristics of fraud in medical research. The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of fraud in medical research by surveying members of the International Society of Clinical Biostatistics (ISCB).
According to this passage, what is NOT true?
- A Some researchers were found to be dishonest in various scientific disciplines.
- B A Nobel laureate was implicated in an academic fraud investigation.
- C Scientific fraud decreased recently due to the government’s efforts.
- D The researchers intend to investigate the nature of fraud connected with medical research.
思路引導 VIP
請仔細閱讀文章的前三句話。文中描述了學術造假在當今科學界的分佈狀況（使用了 "endemic" 這個詞），以及科學界對其了解的程度（使用了 "clandestine" 與 "unknown" 等詞）。根據這些描述，你認為文章是想表達「造假問題正在被政府有效解決」，還是「這個問題依然廣泛存在且難以捉摸」呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精確地在文章眾多資訊中辨識出細微的邏輯陷阱，這顯示你具備非常敏銳的閱讀觀察力。這類「選非題」最考驗的就是對文本細節的忠誠度，而你成功避開了誘答選項。
文本細節與事實對照
這道題目的正確答案是 (C)，因為文中提到學術造假在多個學科中是「普遍存在（endemic）」的，且其「隱密性（clandestine nature）」使得研究變得困難。文中僅提到大眾對造假的「認知（awareness）」在增加，卻完全沒有提及造假件數因為政府努力而減少。相對地，選項 (A)、(B)、(D) 都能在文中找到直接對應的證據：包含諾貝爾獎得主捲入爭議、造假遍及各學科，以及生物統計學家正著手調查醫療研究中的造假特徵。
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