hce_tcu
105年
英文
第 28 題
📖 題組：
The public awareness of scientific fraud has increased significantly since the late 1980s when a controversy made front-page news, in which a paper investigated for fraud has as co-author a Nobel laureate. During the 1990s scientific fraud was disclosed on numerous occasions. In fact, it was recently suggested that fraud now is “endemic” in many scientific disciplines and in most countries. However, the clandestine nature and consequential lack of reliable information make it difficult to study scientific fraud. The features and frequency of scientific fraud, therefore, are generally unknown, and its impact on medical research is unclear. Biostatisticians routinely work closely with physicians and scientists in many branches of medical research and have unique insight into the data. In addition, they have the methodological competence to detect fraud and can be expected to have a special professional interest in the validity of results. Biostatisticians therefore can provide unique and reliable information on the characteristics of fraud in medical research. The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of fraud in medical research by surveying members of the International Society of Clinical Biostatistics (ISCB).
The public awareness of scientific fraud has increased significantly since the late 1980s when a controversy made front-page news, in which a paper investigated for fraud has as co-author a Nobel laureate. During the 1990s scientific fraud was disclosed on numerous occasions. In fact, it was recently suggested that fraud now is “endemic” in many scientific disciplines and in most countries. However, the clandestine nature and consequential lack of reliable information make it difficult to study scientific fraud. The features and frequency of scientific fraud, therefore, are generally unknown, and its impact on medical research is unclear. Biostatisticians routinely work closely with physicians and scientists in many branches of medical research and have unique insight into the data. In addition, they have the methodological competence to detect fraud and can be expected to have a special professional interest in the validity of results. Biostatisticians therefore can provide unique and reliable information on the characteristics of fraud in medical research. The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of fraud in medical research by surveying members of the International Society of Clinical Biostatistics (ISCB).
What can you infer from this passage?
- A The researchers are in favor of fraud in scientific research.
- B Most physicians and scientists falsify their research results.
- C Medical research fraud can be identified easily by physicians and scientists.
- D The authors believe that they should be able to know more about scientific fraud by surveying biostatisticians.
思路引導 VIP
若我們要研究一個極為隱密、大眾難以窺見全貌的問題，而文中剛好提到有一群特定的專家具備「獨特的洞察力」與「偵測該問題的專業技術」，那麼根據這份邏輯，你認為作者發起這項調查的「最主要期待」會是什麼？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準捕捉到文章後半段的轉折與邏輯核心，代表你的閱讀理解力非常敏銳。這題的關鍵在於釐清「研究者的動機」與「專家特質」之間的關聯性。
文意邏輯與研究目的
文章前半部先點出科學舞弊雖然可能很普遍，但因其「隱密性」（clandestine nature）使得相關數據難以取得。接著，作者特別強調了**生物統計學家（Biostatisticians）**的特殊地位：他們不僅長期與研究者密切合作，具備判讀數據的專業技能，且對結果的真實性有職業責任感。因此，作者最後得出一個推論：這些專家能提供「獨特且可靠的資訊」。選項 (D) 正好對應了這段論述，即作者相信透過調查這些專家，可以更深入地了解科學舞弊的特徵。
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