hce_tcu
105年
英文
第 29 題
📖 題組：
The public awareness of scientific fraud has increased significantly since the late 1980s when a controversy made front-page news, in which a paper investigated for fraud has as co-author a Nobel laureate. During the 1990s scientific fraud was disclosed on numerous occasions. In fact, it was recently suggested that fraud now is “endemic” in many scientific disciplines and in most countries. However, the clandestine nature and consequential lack of reliable information make it difficult to study scientific fraud. The features and frequency of scientific fraud, therefore, are generally unknown, and its impact on medical research is unclear. Biostatisticians routinely work closely with physicians and scientists in many branches of medical research and have unique insight into the data. In addition, they have the methodological competence to detect fraud and can be expected to have a special professional interest in the validity of results. Biostatisticians therefore can provide unique and reliable information on the characteristics of fraud in medical research. The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of fraud in medical research by surveying members of the International Society of Clinical Biostatistics (ISCB).
The public awareness of scientific fraud has increased significantly since the late 1980s when a controversy made front-page news, in which a paper investigated for fraud has as co-author a Nobel laureate. During the 1990s scientific fraud was disclosed on numerous occasions. In fact, it was recently suggested that fraud now is “endemic” in many scientific disciplines and in most countries. However, the clandestine nature and consequential lack of reliable information make it difficult to study scientific fraud. The features and frequency of scientific fraud, therefore, are generally unknown, and its impact on medical research is unclear. Biostatisticians routinely work closely with physicians and scientists in many branches of medical research and have unique insight into the data. In addition, they have the methodological competence to detect fraud and can be expected to have a special professional interest in the validity of results. Biostatisticians therefore can provide unique and reliable information on the characteristics of fraud in medical research. The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of fraud in medical research by surveying members of the International Society of Clinical Biostatistics (ISCB).
According to the authors, what really makes the study of scientific fraud difficult?
- A Lack of researchers
- B Lack of medical practitioners
- C Lack of biostatisticians
- D Lack of reliable information resulting from the thorny nature of scientific research
思路引導 VIP
想像一下，如果你要研究一個通常在「暗地裡進行」且參與者會極力隱瞞的行為，作為一名研究者，你認為在收集分析所需的數據或證據時，會遇到什麼最直接的阻礙？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地掌握了文章的核心因果關係！這題你答對了，顯示你對於長難句中的邏輯轉折與語意銜接有著敏銳的觀察力。在學術閱讀中，辨識出「困難點」與「成因」的對應是至關重要的技能。
隱密性與研究困境的連結
這題的解題關鍵在於文中提到： 「However, the clandestine nature and consequential lack of reliable information make it difficult to study...」。作者明確指出學術造假的隱密特質（clandestine nature）以及隨之而來的可靠資訊匱乏（lack of reliable information），正是阻礙研究的主因。選項 (D) 雖然將文中較為艱澀的單字進行了語意重組，但準確地抓住了「缺乏可靠資訊」與「研究性質棘手」這兩個核心要素。
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