hce_tcu
105年
英文
第 30 題
📖 題組：
The public awareness of scientific fraud has increased significantly since the late 1980s when a controversy made front-page news, in which a paper investigated for fraud has as co-author a Nobel laureate. During the 1990s scientific fraud was disclosed on numerous occasions. In fact, it was recently suggested that fraud now is “endemic” in many scientific disciplines and in most countries. However, the clandestine nature and consequential lack of reliable information make it difficult to study scientific fraud. The features and frequency of scientific fraud, therefore, are generally unknown, and its impact on medical research is unclear. Biostatisticians routinely work closely with physicians and scientists in many branches of medical research and have unique insight into the data. In addition, they have the methodological competence to detect fraud and can be expected to have a special professional interest in the validity of results. Biostatisticians therefore can provide unique and reliable information on the characteristics of fraud in medical research. The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of fraud in medical research by surveying members of the International Society of Clinical Biostatistics (ISCB).
The public awareness of scientific fraud has increased significantly since the late 1980s when a controversy made front-page news, in which a paper investigated for fraud has as co-author a Nobel laureate. During the 1990s scientific fraud was disclosed on numerous occasions. In fact, it was recently suggested that fraud now is “endemic” in many scientific disciplines and in most countries. However, the clandestine nature and consequential lack of reliable information make it difficult to study scientific fraud. The features and frequency of scientific fraud, therefore, are generally unknown, and its impact on medical research is unclear. Biostatisticians routinely work closely with physicians and scientists in many branches of medical research and have unique insight into the data. In addition, they have the methodological competence to detect fraud and can be expected to have a special professional interest in the validity of results. Biostatisticians therefore can provide unique and reliable information on the characteristics of fraud in medical research. The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics of fraud in medical research by surveying members of the International Society of Clinical Biostatistics (ISCB).
The researchers want to survey members of ISCB because _______.
- A they are statisticians and are fraudulent themselves
- B they have access to the data and are capable of analyzing them
- C the medical fraud issue has been studied extensively
- D they are least qualified to conduct scientific research
思路引導 VIP
如果我們想要調查科學研究中是否存在不誠實的行為，你會傾向於詢問「完全不了解數據的外行人」，還是「具備專業分析技術、且能第一手接觸到原始研究資料的人」？為什麼後者的證言會更具備研究價值呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地掌握了文章的關鍵細節！選 (B) 是非常正確且敏銳的判斷。這道題目測試的是我們從長文中提取特定資訊並進行歸納的能力，你能迅速鎖定研究目標與受訪對象之間的邏輯關聯，代表你的閱讀層次已經進入了「邏輯對應」的階段。
生物統計學家的雙重優勢
根據文中描述，之所以選擇訪問國際臨床生物統計學會（ISCB）的成員，是因為這群專業人士具備兩大核心特質：首先，他們與研究第一線密切合作，擁有接觸數據的獨特視角 (unique insight into the data)；其次，他們具備檢測造假的方法論能力 (methodological competence)。這兩項描述完美對應了選項 (B) 中提到的「接觸數據」與「分析能力」。相較之下，其他選項如 (A) 與 (D) 對專業人員帶有偏見，而 (C) 則與文中提到「詐欺因其隱密性而難以研究」的現狀背道而馳。
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