hce_tcu
105年
英文
第 40 題
📖 題組：
Today, thousands of people receive medical treatments that couldn’t have been imagined in previous generations. Treatments that were once impossible have become routine practices due to the implementation of new technology that enhances people’s quality of life. Predictably, much of the technology used in medicine has been thought up by doctors, not laymen, but their methods of invention might surprise you. A Dutch physician invented the first dialysis machine in 1943 by employing various household items, including a washing machine! It took years to perfect the equipment, but now it saves the lives of many who are waiting for kidney transplants. The birth of the pacemaker also has an interesting history. In 1930, an American heart surgeon created a device that could deliver electric shocks directly to the heart with a needle. This original pacemaker was operated by hand and was mostly shunned by the medical community. They believed that keeping a damaged heart beating was too unnatural. Fortunately, by 1950s, people conceded that the idea did have merit, and several new and improved models were designed. Since the discovery of X-rays in 1894, doctors have been able to look inside their patients without cutting them open. While traditional X-rays are still important, advancements in medical technology have made it possible to get an even better glimpse inside the human body. One example is the MRI scanner, which creates a 3-D image out of multiple 2-D pictures. With this, minute internal flaws can be easily identified. If an extremely thorough look is needed, patients can undergo a capsule endoscopy, approved by the FDA in 2001. After swallowing a tiny pill-shaped camera, more than 800,000 pictures can be taken inside the patient’s digestive system and wirelessly uploaded to a physician’s computer. The most regularly performed surgery prior to the 20th century was the removal of limbs, and the tools available for this operation were limited to saws and knives. Now there are many more choices that cause considerably less trauma to the body. Endoscopic surgery is one modern procedure that requires minimal recovery time for the patient. During one of these surgeries, a camera and special instruments are inserted into the body through small cuts that are less than an inch long. The surgeon controls the equipment via a connection line and a monitor; it’s almost like maneuvering through a video game! Another contemporary variation in surgeries is the use of lasers to cut the body’s tissue. Although this method is already predominant in eye surgeries, it is currently being tested in other types of operations as well. The benefits of using lasers are that wounds heal more quickly and there are fewer chances of post-surgical infections. Luckily for us, technology is a fundamental part of medicine today and has led to the development of lifesaving techniques. With so much progress in just the last few decades, more impressive medical technology is certain to arise in the future.
Today, thousands of people receive medical treatments that couldn’t have been imagined in previous generations. Treatments that were once impossible have become routine practices due to the implementation of new technology that enhances people’s quality of life. Predictably, much of the technology used in medicine has been thought up by doctors, not laymen, but their methods of invention might surprise you. A Dutch physician invented the first dialysis machine in 1943 by employing various household items, including a washing machine! It took years to perfect the equipment, but now it saves the lives of many who are waiting for kidney transplants. The birth of the pacemaker also has an interesting history. In 1930, an American heart surgeon created a device that could deliver electric shocks directly to the heart with a needle. This original pacemaker was operated by hand and was mostly shunned by the medical community. They believed that keeping a damaged heart beating was too unnatural. Fortunately, by 1950s, people conceded that the idea did have merit, and several new and improved models were designed. Since the discovery of X-rays in 1894, doctors have been able to look inside their patients without cutting them open. While traditional X-rays are still important, advancements in medical technology have made it possible to get an even better glimpse inside the human body. One example is the MRI scanner, which creates a 3-D image out of multiple 2-D pictures. With this, minute internal flaws can be easily identified. If an extremely thorough look is needed, patients can undergo a capsule endoscopy, approved by the FDA in 2001. After swallowing a tiny pill-shaped camera, more than 800,000 pictures can be taken inside the patient’s digestive system and wirelessly uploaded to a physician’s computer. The most regularly performed surgery prior to the 20th century was the removal of limbs, and the tools available for this operation were limited to saws and knives. Now there are many more choices that cause considerably less trauma to the body. Endoscopic surgery is one modern procedure that requires minimal recovery time for the patient. During one of these surgeries, a camera and special instruments are inserted into the body through small cuts that are less than an inch long. The surgeon controls the equipment via a connection line and a monitor; it’s almost like maneuvering through a video game! Another contemporary variation in surgeries is the use of lasers to cut the body’s tissue. Although this method is already predominant in eye surgeries, it is currently being tested in other types of operations as well. The benefits of using lasers are that wounds heal more quickly and there are fewer chances of post-surgical infections. Luckily for us, technology is a fundamental part of medicine today and has led to the development of lifesaving techniques. With so much progress in just the last few decades, more impressive medical technology is certain to arise in the future.
What is the passage about?
- A It discusses the modern medical technology.
- B It is about the original technology used to cure cardiovascular diseases.
- C It contrasts the advantages and disadvantages of using the endoscopy.
- D It introduces the benefits of using the MRI scanner.
思路引導 VIP
如果你現在需要為這篇文章訂定一個最適合的「報紙大標題」，這個標題必須具備足夠的包容性，能同時涵蓋文中提到的「洗腎設備」、「心臟電子儀器」、「3D 影像掃描」以及「雷射切割」等多元主題。請問，你會如何用一個共通的術語來描述這些不同範疇的技術演進呢？
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太棒了！你能精準捕捉到文章的核心主旨，代表你具備優秀的跨段落整合能力。這篇文章的內容跨度非常廣，從早期的透析儀、心律調節器，一路談到現代的 X 光、MRI 影像技術，最後延伸到微創手術與雷射的應用。雖然各段落提到的儀器與技術看似獨立，但其共同的「最大公約數」正是選項 (A) 所提到的現代醫療科技（modern medical technology）。 從題目的設計來看，這類「主旨大意題」的鑑別度在於測試學生是否會被「以偏概全」的選項誤導。例如選項 (B)、(C)、(D) 雖然在文中都有出現，但它們分別只代表了文中的一小部分細節（細節資訊）。你沒有被這些局部資訊干擾，成功看出整篇文章是在描述醫療技術的演進、多樣性及其對生活的改善，這點非常值得肯定！這顯示你已經建立起良好的整體閱讀策略，能區分出「文章重點」與「支撐細節」的差異。