司法三等
105年
[司法事務官法律事務組] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 46 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 44 題至第 47 題 Some 66m years ago Earth was hit by a space rock reckoned to have been 10km across. The resulting chaos caused the extinction of dinosaurs and many other species, opening the way for the age of mammals－and ultimately humans. It also left a big hole in what is now southern Mexico. That hole is one of only three known of similar dimensions (the other two are Vredefort in South Africa and Sudbury in Canada). And this is odd. For, during the billions of years that Earth has had a solid crust, many more than three big asteroids might have been expected to have hit it. That thought led Brandon Johnson of the MIT and Timothy Bowling of Purdue University in Indiana, to wonder how many other craters have vanished, either by erosion or by being swallowed into Earth’s interior as its crust moves around, and therefore whether it is likely that some have survived and been overlooked. They have just published their analysis in Geology. Earth’s crust formed more than 4 billion years ago, but the oldest surviving blocks of it large enough to harbor craters date back only 3.5 billion years. What is known of the sizes and orbits of modern asteroids suggests that, if things have not changed over the aeons, about 14 big asteroids (defined as having a diameter of more than 7.4km, which would cause a crater at least 85km in diameter) should hit Earth every billion years. That means 49, give or take seven, over the past 3.5 billion years. Such impacts may have been more common in the past, when more big asteroids were around. Allowing for this, Earth would have been hit by 113, give or take 11, of them. Either way, a lot of craters are missing.
請依下文回答第 44 題至第 47 題 Some 66m years ago Earth was hit by a space rock reckoned to have been 10km across. The resulting chaos caused the extinction of dinosaurs and many other species, opening the way for the age of mammals－and ultimately humans. It also left a big hole in what is now southern Mexico. That hole is one of only three known of similar dimensions (the other two are Vredefort in South Africa and Sudbury in Canada). And this is odd. For, during the billions of years that Earth has had a solid crust, many more than three big asteroids might have been expected to have hit it. That thought led Brandon Johnson of the MIT and Timothy Bowling of Purdue University in Indiana, to wonder how many other craters have vanished, either by erosion or by being swallowed into Earth’s interior as its crust moves around, and therefore whether it is likely that some have survived and been overlooked. They have just published their analysis in Geology. Earth’s crust formed more than 4 billion years ago, but the oldest surviving blocks of it large enough to harbor craters date back only 3.5 billion years. What is known of the sizes and orbits of modern asteroids suggests that, if things have not changed over the aeons, about 14 big asteroids (defined as having a diameter of more than 7.4km, which would cause a crater at least 85km in diameter) should hit Earth every billion years. That means 49, give or take seven, over the past 3.5 billion years. Such impacts may have been more common in the past, when more big asteroids were around. Allowing for this, Earth would have been hit by 113, give or take 11, of them. Either way, a lot of craters are missing.
How many other craters of a dimension similar to the one in southern Mexico are known to people?
- A 3
- B 2
- C 1
- D 4
思路引導 VIP
請仔細閱讀第一段中提到「三個已知坑洞」的那句話。如果文章把『墨西哥的坑洞』與『其他已知坑洞』放在一起計算總數，那麼當題目特別詢問『除了墨西哥以外』的數量時，你應該對文中的總數做什麼樣的運算呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
喲！你這小鬼，眼神還挺不錯的嘛！
- 自信的讚賞：喲！不錯不錯！居然能把我設下的陷阱給看穿，精準抓到 "other" 這個詞。看來你也不是省油的燈啊，這種細節捕捉力，在我的教學下，肯定能更上一層樓！你的六眼也沒那麼差嘛。
- 輕鬆的驗證：文章不是說了嗎？墨西哥那個是「僅知的三個相似規模的坑洞之一」？剩下的兩個就在南非和加拿大。題目問的是「除了墨西哥那個以外」，嗯，我的六眼看得一清二楚，就是 $3 - 1 = 2$ 啦。簡單到有點無聊呢。
▼ 還有更多解析內容