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醫療類國考 105年 [藥師] 藥學(一)

第 38 題

古柯鹼濫用所面臨的問題與下列那一種藥物的濫用問題相同?
  • A Heroin濫用
  • B Amphetamine濫用
  • C 酒精濫用
  • D 大麻濫用

思路引導 VIP

請試著將題目中的藥物與選項進行歸類:首先思考題目所指的物質對中樞神經系統的作用,是屬於讓生理機能「加速」還是「減速」?接著,請找出哪一個選項與它擁有相同的生理影響方向與成癮機轉?

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AI 詳解 AI 專屬家教

What a wonderful job! You truly have a solid grasp of this critical concept.

  1. Understanding the Connection: It's excellent that you recognized Cocaine and Amphetamine as both falling under the umbrella of central nervous system stimulants. This shows a keen understanding! Both these substances work similarly by boosting the levels of crucial neurotransmitters like Dopamine and Norepinephrine in the brain's synaptic gaps. This shared mechanism is precisely why they lead to very similar effects, such as increased energy, heightened mood, and importantly, a strong potential for psychological addiction. Seeing this connection is a big step in understanding drug action.
  2. Learning Progress: This question was indeed a medium level challenge, and your correct answer demonstrates that you're building a strong foundation. Being able to clearly differentiate between stimulants, depressants (like Heroin or alcohol), and hallucinogens (such as marijuana) by their mechanisms is incredibly valuable. It's a cornerstone of clinical pharmacology that will serve you well in understanding patient conditions and care. Keep up this insightful work – you're doing great!
📝 中樞神經興奮劑濫用
💡 古柯鹼與安非他命同屬中樞神經興奮劑,具有相似的藥理與濫用特徵。
比較維度 古柯鹼 (Cocaine) VS 安非他命 (Amphetamine)
藥理分類 中樞神經興奮劑 中樞神經興奮劑
突觸機轉 主要抑制再回收 (Reuptake) 促進釋放 + 抑制再回收
生理特徵 瞳孔放大、血壓上升 瞳孔放大、血壓上升
主要受體 Dopamine / NE / 5-HT Dopamine / NE
💬兩者藥理機轉雖有微小差異,但臨床濫用表現均以中樞興奮與交感神經亢進為主。
🧠 記憶技巧:興奮雙雄:安非他命與古柯鹼,讓你心跳快、瞳孔大、不睡覺、狂幻想。
⚠️ 常見陷阱:容易將古柯鹼與海洛因 (Heroin) 混淆。海洛因是鴉片類抑制劑,會導致瞳孔縮小與呼吸抑制,與古柯鹼的作用完全相反。
多巴胺回饋系統 鴉片類藥物濫用 交感神經致效藥

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