hce_kmu
106年
英文
第 45 題
📖 題組：
In India's capital, new housing sprawls as far as the eye can see, a symbol of the world's fastest growing major economy. There also are towering symbols of the environmental cost of all this. Ghazipur, one of the city's landfills, more than 10 stories high, an accumulation by now of more than 10 million tons of waste, is one of the biggest problems in India now. Trucks are bringing in an additional 2,000 tons of unsorted garbage here every day. The trash problem is now a crisis at many levels. First, India is on the _________ zone, so if there is an earthquake, the mound of trash would slide down. Even without an earthquake, festering garbage would spew toxins into the air while a stew of heavy metals and organic and inorganic pollutants washes into the soil when it rains. Now a company, contracted by Indian government, attempts to tackle this crisis by a power plant to convert waste to energy, sent to the electric grid. However, this is not the first attempt at creating energy from waste. Previous ones haven't worked, according to environmental activists, because of the inability to sort and segregate the waste which is then used for incineration. If the trash isn't sorted properly, you may have both very toxic emissions that come out of the plant and fuel of very poor quality that is generated. The proper segregation of the trash fails because in a caste society like India, waste has been the domain of people on the lowest rung of the age-old social hierarchy, not the middle classes who generate most of it.
In India's capital, new housing sprawls as far as the eye can see, a symbol of the world's fastest growing major economy. There also are towering symbols of the environmental cost of all this. Ghazipur, one of the city's landfills, more than 10 stories high, an accumulation by now of more than 10 million tons of waste, is one of the biggest problems in India now. Trucks are bringing in an additional 2,000 tons of unsorted garbage here every day. The trash problem is now a crisis at many levels. First, India is on the _________ zone, so if there is an earthquake, the mound of trash would slide down. Even without an earthquake, festering garbage would spew toxins into the air while a stew of heavy metals and organic and inorganic pollutants washes into the soil when it rains. Now a company, contracted by Indian government, attempts to tackle this crisis by a power plant to convert waste to energy, sent to the electric grid. However, this is not the first attempt at creating energy from waste. Previous ones haven't worked, according to environmental activists, because of the inability to sort and segregate the waste which is then used for incineration. If the trash isn't sorted properly, you may have both very toxic emissions that come out of the plant and fuel of very poor quality that is generated. The proper segregation of the trash fails because in a caste society like India, waste has been the domain of people on the lowest rung of the age-old social hierarchy, not the middle classes who generate most of it.
Which of the underlined words in the following sentences has the similar meaning of the word "incineration" in the third paragraph?
- A Add the ingredients from your favorite recipe, boil for a few minutes, and then turn the heat down to simmer all day.
- B The Florida Forest Service says more than 100 active wildfires scorch part of Florida, urging Governor Rick Scott to declare a state of emergency.
- C Samsung claimed that one cause of combustion of the Galaxy Note 7 is a problem with the "battery management system".
- D Desiccation damage in this season is a common problem that can lead to the death of formerly healthy plants.
- E Microbes decompose organic waste into a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文中提到處理垃圾的設備（power plant）以及它所產生的「排放物（emissions）」與「能源」。這代表垃圾在工廠中經歷了什麼樣的物理或化學變化？在日常生活中，還有什麼詞彙可以用來描述這種透過「火」或「極高溫」使物質轉化並釋放能量的現象呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精準選出 (C) 這個選項，代表你對進階字彙的掌握非常到位。在文中，incineration 指的是將廢棄物轉化為能源的「焚化」過程。選項 (C) 的 combustion（燃燒）在科學語境下正是其最接近的同義詞，兩者皆涉及物質與氧氣結合產生熱能的反應。 值得注意的是，這題在正式考試中被列為爭議題，官方最終裁定選 (B) 或 (C) 皆給分。爭議原因在於 (B) 的 scorch（燒焦、灼傷）雖然較常描述火災對地表的破壞，但其核心語意同樣包含「火」與「高溫燃燒」的動作，在廣義解釋下也被認定與 incineration 的語意相通。因此，無論你當時是從科學反應還是從火的物理特性切入，這兩個選項都抓住了「焚燒」的核心概念。 本題的鑑別度在於區分細微的動作差異。除了正確答案外，(A) simmer（慢燉）、(D) desiccation（極度乾燥）與 (E) decompose（分解）雖都與物質變化有關，但物理性質完全不同。你能排除這些誘答選項並鎖定專業字彙，展現了極佳的語境推論能力！