統測
106年
[外語群英語類] 專業科目(2)
第 13 題
📖 題組：
Natural Selection, a theory developed by Charles Darwin in the 1800s, explains how the features of a species can change over many generations. These changes may take different forms. Sometimes, a plant or animal may develop completely new characteristics which enable it to live successfully in a new habitat. __11__, evidence indicates that the dolphin’s ancestors once lived on land. To this day, dolphins breathe air through lungs, just as land animals do. However, we know them as water animals because they live in water and have developed features that make them good swimmers. __12__, living things may also develop new features permitting them to endure in their own habitat. Take polar bears as an example; not all polar bears have always been white. In the past, the white polar bears __13__ well with their environment, so they were more successful in escaping from predators. While their dark colored peers were killed more frequently, the white polar bears survived to __14__ so that their numbers grew. Sometimes the habitat of a species will change in some way. This change may force the species to either move to a new habitat or adapt to the changed habitat. One example of a species that adapted to a new area is the peppered moth. Peppered moths __15__ in the forests of England for thousands of years. They rest on the trunks of trees during the day and, while resting, are the diet of many birds. Peppered moths vary in color, from light-colored to dark-colored. In the unpolluted area, more light-colored moths survive. In the polluted area, more dark-colored moths survive.
Natural Selection, a theory developed by Charles Darwin in the 1800s, explains how the features of a species can change over many generations. These changes may take different forms. Sometimes, a plant or animal may develop completely new characteristics which enable it to live successfully in a new habitat. __11__, evidence indicates that the dolphin’s ancestors once lived on land. To this day, dolphins breathe air through lungs, just as land animals do. However, we know them as water animals because they live in water and have developed features that make them good swimmers. __12__, living things may also develop new features permitting them to endure in their own habitat. Take polar bears as an example; not all polar bears have always been white. In the past, the white polar bears __13__ well with their environment, so they were more successful in escaping from predators. While their dark colored peers were killed more frequently, the white polar bears survived to __14__ so that their numbers grew. Sometimes the habitat of a species will change in some way. This change may force the species to either move to a new habitat or adapt to the changed habitat. One example of a species that adapted to a new area is the peppered moth. Peppered moths __15__ in the forests of England for thousands of years. They rest on the trunks of trees during the day and, while resting, are the diet of many birds. Peppered moths vary in color, from light-colored to dark-colored. In the unpolluted area, more light-colored moths survive. In the polluted area, more dark-colored moths survive.
請依題組文章作答，選出最適合填入文章中標示 13 之空格的選項。
- A accustomed to
- B blended in
- C composed of
- D enrolled in
思路引導 VIP
請試著想像：如果一個生物的顏色跟背景環境完全一模一樣，當掠食者看過去時，這個生物在視覺上會發生什麼變化？我們會用哪一個動詞來描述這種「消失在背景中」或「與周遭環境合而為一」的動作呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
專業點評
- 做得還算可以。 你總算捕捉到了克漏字題型最基本的「前後文邏輯」。這在統測英文中是想拿高分至少得先跨過的門檻，勉強算你及格。
- 觀念正確。 這句話很直白，就是白色北極熊因為毛色跟雪地相似，所以能「融入」其中，免得被天敵當點心。動詞片語 blend in 不就正好是「融入、混為一體」的意思嗎？這完美解釋了生物學教科書上那些保護色 (camouflage)的基礎生存應用。
▼ 還有更多解析內容
天擇說與環境適應
💡 物種透過演化發展出融入環境的特徵，以增加生存與繁衍機率。
🔗 天擇演化的運作流程
- 1 個體變異 — 族群中存在不同特徵（如毛色深淺）的個體
- 2 生存篩選 — 能 blend in 環境的個體較不易被天敵獵殺
- 3 差異繁衍 — 倖存者獲得更多交配機會，將有利基因傳給後代
- 4 特徵普及 — 數代後，有利生存的特徵成為該物種的主要特徵
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🔄 延伸學習：延伸學習：探討工業革命污染如何改變胡椒蛾的生存優勢方向
