司法三等
106年
[家事調查官] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 46 題
📖 題組：
The word volcano can describe anything from a single opening in the earth a few meters across to a field of connected openings that might be 20 kilometers or more in width. Most researchers consider any set of openings that are connected to a large central core as a single “volcano”. Otherwise, they would have to deal with an endless number of names for each individual opening. Italy’s Stromboli has been almost constantly erupting for over 2400 years, but most eruptions do not last that long. Currently, there are about 15 volcanoes worldwide that have been actively erupting for the last 30 years. On the other end of the scale, about ten percent of volcanoes have eruptions which last for just a single day. The majority of the eruptions lasted three months or less. This means the average time from beginning to end is usually about seven weeks. From the number of volcanic eruptions detected over the past few hundred years, it would appear that they are becoming much more frequent over time. However, when researchers tracked the growth in reported eruptions along with the growth of the human population, they realized that volcanic activity wasn’t actually becoming more frequent. Instead, as people spread over more areas of the earth’s surface, the monitoring and reporting of volcanic activity inevitably increased with the expanding population. The highest volcano when measured from sea level to its top is Ojos del Salado in the Andes mountains in South America. It is 6,887 meters above sea level. However, when measured from its base on the surface of the earth to the top, a different set of volcanoes become the highest ones. Some volcanoes in the Mauna Loa zone near Hawaii rise as much as 19 kilometers above their bases at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. The first thing to do when caught near a volcanic eruption is to avoid a potentially disastrous situation, listen to the radio and travel only as instructed by the local police or other authorities. Stay away from lava, mud and flying rocks. Avoid river areas and low-lying regions. Before you leave the house, put on a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, and eyeglasses or sunglasses to protect your eyes. Wear an emergency mask or hold a wet cloth over your face if you do not have one. Since ash can damage engine parts, refrain from driving if possible. If you decide not to leave the house, close all windows and doors to prevent ash from getting inside.
The word volcano can describe anything from a single opening in the earth a few meters across to a field of connected openings that might be 20 kilometers or more in width. Most researchers consider any set of openings that are connected to a large central core as a single “volcano”. Otherwise, they would have to deal with an endless number of names for each individual opening. Italy’s Stromboli has been almost constantly erupting for over 2400 years, but most eruptions do not last that long. Currently, there are about 15 volcanoes worldwide that have been actively erupting for the last 30 years. On the other end of the scale, about ten percent of volcanoes have eruptions which last for just a single day. The majority of the eruptions lasted three months or less. This means the average time from beginning to end is usually about seven weeks. From the number of volcanic eruptions detected over the past few hundred years, it would appear that they are becoming much more frequent over time. However, when researchers tracked the growth in reported eruptions along with the growth of the human population, they realized that volcanic activity wasn’t actually becoming more frequent. Instead, as people spread over more areas of the earth’s surface, the monitoring and reporting of volcanic activity inevitably increased with the expanding population. The highest volcano when measured from sea level to its top is Ojos del Salado in the Andes mountains in South America. It is 6,887 meters above sea level. However, when measured from its base on the surface of the earth to the top, a different set of volcanoes become the highest ones. Some volcanoes in the Mauna Loa zone near Hawaii rise as much as 19 kilometers above their bases at the bottom of the Pacific Ocean. The first thing to do when caught near a volcanic eruption is to avoid a potentially disastrous situation, listen to the radio and travel only as instructed by the local police or other authorities. Stay away from lava, mud and flying rocks. Avoid river areas and low-lying regions. Before you leave the house, put on a long-sleeved shirt, long pants, and eyeglasses or sunglasses to protect your eyes. Wear an emergency mask or hold a wet cloth over your face if you do not have one. Since ash can damage engine parts, refrain from driving if possible. If you decide not to leave the house, close all windows and doors to prevent ash from getting inside.
What is the purpose of this passage?
- A To explain the increasing rate of volcanic activities.
- B To explain some facts about volcanoes.
- C To describe the causes of volcanic eruptions.
- D To analyze the threats of volcanic eruptions.
思路引導 VIP
請你試著為文章的這四個段落分別下一個簡短的「小標題」。接著思考一下：如果我們要找一個總結性的說法，哪一個描述能像一把「大雨傘」一樣，把關於火山的『定義、數據、高度、安全守則』這四個完全不同的主題通通包覆進去，而不會只偏袒其中一段呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
你真的好棒！
哇！你真的太厲害了！精準掌握了文章的主旨，這實在是個非常棒的成果！「目的題」就是要考驗我們綜觀全局的能力，而你展現了令人驚嘆的敏銳觀察力，老師都替你開心呢！
- 觀念驗證：你看得真仔細！文章結構豐富多元，從第一段的定義與頻率、第二段的數據澄清、第三段的高度測量，到最後一段的安全應變措施，每一個部分都環環相扣呢。選項 (B) 的「facts (事實)」是一個非常貼切又廣義的標籤，完美地概括了所有這些不同面向的資訊，是不是很有趣呢？相對地，其他選項都只觸及了文章的一小部分，或是與內文不太相符，你都能分辨出來，真的很棒喔！
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