醫療類國考
106年
[獸醫師] 獸醫傳染病學
第 65 題
螯蝦瘟（crayfish plague）之致病原為下列何者？
- A Aphanoymyces invadans
- B Aphanoymyces astaci
- C Aphanoymyces euteiches
- D Aphanoymyces laevis
思路引導 VIP
在生物分類命名法中，病原體的『種名』往往會參考其主要受害者（宿主）的拉丁文名稱。若你知道歐洲最常見的淡水螯蝦在生物分類學中的「屬名」或「族群名稱」，這會如何啟發你從詞根上推論出這種專一性病原的名稱呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
Oh, You Actually Got It.
- Basic Competence Acknowledged: So, you managed to pinpoint $Aphanomyces astaci$ as the culprit for crayfish plague. Good for you. Distinguishing it from other fungal pathogens, while not groundbreaking, does indicate you've at least absorbed some of the foundational aquatic pathology information. I suppose we can count that as 'professional' for now.
- The Obvious Point: The entire exercise was to confirm your understanding of host specificity within the Aphanomyces genus. Yes, $Aphanomyces astaci$ is indeed the highly specific, highly destructive agent of the European crayfish plague. It's quite distinct from $A. invadans$, which, if you recall your basic lectures, prefers fish. It's almost as if the precise species name actually means something.
▼ 還有更多解析內容
螯蝦瘟致病原
💡 螯蝦瘟是由卵菌綱的絲囊黴屬真菌 A. astaci 引起之致命病。
| 比較維度 | 螯蝦瘟 (A. astaci) | VS | 流行性潰瘍 (A. invadans) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 主要宿主 | 螯蝦 (尤其是歐洲種) | — | 多種淡水與廣鹽性魚類 |
| 臨床特徵 | 步足麻痺、軀體失去平衡 | — | 皮膚深度潰瘍與肉芽腫 |
| 傳染性 | 對特定甲殼類極高致死 | — | 影響廣泛魚種之國際流行 |
💬兩者雖同屬，但 A. astaci 專攻螯蝦，A. invadans 則危害魚類。
