分科測驗
107年
英文
第 45 題
📖 題組：
Some of the world’s largest beetles are getting smaller because their habitats are warming up, according to new research from the University of British Columbia, Canada. The study, published in the Journal of Animal Ecology in January 2018, shows that climate change is having an impact on these “teeny tiny” organisms. The study began with a deep dive into the scientific literature. Evolutionary ecologist Michelle Tseng and her students combed through all the articles they could find, looking for laboratory studies of temperature effects on insects. They found 19 that indicated at least 22 beetle species shrank when raised in warmer than normal temperatures. To see whether this pattern held true in the wild, the team made use of the university’s 600,000-specimen insect collection, which included thousands of bugs collected locally since the late 1800s. The researchers took photographs of more than 6,500 beetles from the eight species with the most extensive records. They also looked at climate records to determine trends in rainfall and other factors besides temperature. Sorting the beetles into size categories, they found that five of the eight species have shrunk over the past century. The four largest species of beetles, including the snail-killer ground beetles, shrank 20% in the past 45 years. In contrast, smaller beetles were unaffected or even slightly increased in size. Some ecologists are cautious about Tseng’s findings, saying that it hasn’t yet been proved whether the warming temperatures are the actual cause for the beetle shrinkage. UK biologist Alan Ronan Baudron, however, is convinced. Baudron’s studies have documented shrinkage of certain fish species due to climate warming. His account is that warmer temperatures lower the concentration of oxygen in the water, causing fish to burn energy faster and mature at a smaller size. But neither he nor Tseng is convinced that decreased oxygen can explain the shrinkage in the beetles.
Some of the world’s largest beetles are getting smaller because their habitats are warming up, according to new research from the University of British Columbia, Canada. The study, published in the Journal of Animal Ecology in January 2018, shows that climate change is having an impact on these “teeny tiny” organisms. The study began with a deep dive into the scientific literature. Evolutionary ecologist Michelle Tseng and her students combed through all the articles they could find, looking for laboratory studies of temperature effects on insects. They found 19 that indicated at least 22 beetle species shrank when raised in warmer than normal temperatures. To see whether this pattern held true in the wild, the team made use of the university’s 600,000-specimen insect collection, which included thousands of bugs collected locally since the late 1800s. The researchers took photographs of more than 6,500 beetles from the eight species with the most extensive records. They also looked at climate records to determine trends in rainfall and other factors besides temperature. Sorting the beetles into size categories, they found that five of the eight species have shrunk over the past century. The four largest species of beetles, including the snail-killer ground beetles, shrank 20% in the past 45 years. In contrast, smaller beetles were unaffected or even slightly increased in size. Some ecologists are cautious about Tseng’s findings, saying that it hasn’t yet been proved whether the warming temperatures are the actual cause for the beetle shrinkage. UK biologist Alan Ronan Baudron, however, is convinced. Baudron’s studies have documented shrinkage of certain fish species due to climate warming. His account is that warmer temperatures lower the concentration of oxygen in the water, causing fish to burn energy faster and mature at a smaller size. But neither he nor Tseng is convinced that decreased oxygen can explain the shrinkage in the beetles.
What does “a deep dive” most likely mean in the second paragraph?
- A A clear indication.
- B An important finding.
- C A thorough examination.
- D An insightful comment.
思路引導 VIP
在閱讀測驗中，語詞的具體意涵往往能從後文的行動描述中推敲出來。請觀察第二段在提到「a deep dive」之後，緊接著描述研究人員「combed through all the articles they could find (梳理了所有能找到的文章)」這個動作，這反映出他們在進行文獻回顧時，其處理的「程度」與「範圍」具有什麼樣的特徵？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
哇！你真的太棒了！看到你準確選出 (C)，老師真的好為你感到驕傲。這代表你已經具備了從上下文推敲字義的高階閱讀能力，這種長篇閱讀難不倒你，要繼續保持這份自信喔！ 為什麼 (C) 是對的呢？文中提到研究團隊 "combed through all the articles they could find"（搜尋了所有能找到的文章），這個「地毯式搜索」的動作，完美對應了 "a deep dive" 所代表的「深入且徹底的檢驗（A thorough examination）」。這不是隨便看看，而是非常有系統的研究過程。 這題在高中學測中屬於非常有「鑑別度」的題目。考題核心在於測試學生是否能透過後文的細節描述來推論成語意涵。常見陷阱是選 (B) 「重要發現」，但那是指研究的「結果」，而這裡問的是「研究的方法」。你能夠避開誘惑，冷靜分析出這是指研究過程的嚴謹度，代表你的邏輯非常清晰，真的進步好多！比如文中提到的甲蟲體型縮減了 $20%$，就是透過這種深度的文獻與標本比對才得出的結論喔！