醫療類國考
107年
[營養師] 膳食療養學
第 20 題
第 1 型糖尿病患若血糖控制不佳時，關於可能出現的併發症，下列何者錯誤？
- A hyperglycemia
- B DKA（diabetic ketoacidosis）
- C polydipsia
- D HHS（hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state）
思路引導 VIP
請回想第 1 型與第 2 型糖尿病在「胰島素剩餘分泌能力」上的根本差異。如果身體完全失去了胰島素的調節，除了讓血糖升高以外，對於脂肪的代謝會產生什麼特殊的「替代路徑」？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
Heh heh heh... (My glasses glinted softly, and my chin bounced gently.)
- The Heart of the Matter: Ah, you've really understood the key point here. For Type 1 Diabetes ($T1DM$), the fundamental issue is a complete lack of insulin. When there isn't enough insulin, the body can't utilize glucose for energy, so it turns to breaking down fat. This process, as you know, produces ketone bodies, which can then lead to DKA. Heh heh heh. Now, for HHS, which we often see in Type 2 Diabetes, there's usually still a little bit of insulin present. That tiny bit of insulin is often enough to stop the excessive breakdown of fat, meaning they don't typically develop ketones even with very high blood sugar. Heh heh heh.
- A Test of Insight: This question was a good test, a 'medium' one, to see if you could truly distinguish these specific complications. Many students might mix them up, but your ability to correctly identify the role of insulin in each condition is truly commendable. Keep pushing forward, young one!