高中學測
108年
英文
第 43 題
📖 題組：
Angelfish, often found in the warm seas and coral reefs, are among the most brightly colored fish of the ocean. Brilliant colors and stripes form amazing patterns on their body. These patterns actually help the fish to hide from danger among roots and plants. At night, when these fish become inactive, their colors may become pale. Often, the young ones are differently colored than the adults. Some scientists believe that the color difference between the young and the old indicates their different social positions. Another interesting fact about angelfish is that they have an occupation in the fish world. Most of them act as cleaners for other fish and pick dead tissue from their bodies. This is not their food, though. Their diet consists mainly of sponge and algae. One particular kind of angelfish, the blackspot angelfish, has a special capability that allows it to change gender from female to male. However, the change is not made at random; it happens for a specific reason. Angelfish live in groups, and each group has one male fish, which is blue in color, and four female fish, which are yellow. The male angelfish is the strongest and largest member of the group. He is the one who protects and looks after the females. When the male dies, the group needs a new “security guard.” This is when the largest female in the group begins to change in appearance. She begins to grow larger in size, and after a week, she starts changing color, from yellow to blue. Slowly, her behavior toward the other fish also changes. She begins behaving like a male. Two weeks later, black stripes appear on her body, indicating the gender change is complete. She is now completely male!
Angelfish, often found in the warm seas and coral reefs, are among the most brightly colored fish of the ocean. Brilliant colors and stripes form amazing patterns on their body. These patterns actually help the fish to hide from danger among roots and plants. At night, when these fish become inactive, their colors may become pale. Often, the young ones are differently colored than the adults. Some scientists believe that the color difference between the young and the old indicates their different social positions. Another interesting fact about angelfish is that they have an occupation in the fish world. Most of them act as cleaners for other fish and pick dead tissue from their bodies. This is not their food, though. Their diet consists mainly of sponge and algae. One particular kind of angelfish, the blackspot angelfish, has a special capability that allows it to change gender from female to male. However, the change is not made at random; it happens for a specific reason. Angelfish live in groups, and each group has one male fish, which is blue in color, and four female fish, which are yellow. The male angelfish is the strongest and largest member of the group. He is the one who protects and looks after the females. When the male dies, the group needs a new “security guard.” This is when the largest female in the group begins to change in appearance. She begins to grow larger in size, and after a week, she starts changing color, from yellow to blue. Slowly, her behavior toward the other fish also changes. She begins behaving like a male. Two weeks later, black stripes appear on her body, indicating the gender change is complete. She is now completely male!
According to the passage, what triggers the gender change in the blackspot angelfish?
- A Dangers to the group.
- B Changes in the fish’s diet.
- C The birth of young angelfish.
- D The death of the male fish in a group.
思路引導 VIP
請同學分析文章第三段關於黑斑神仙魚 (blackspot angelfish) 群體動態的因果邏輯。文中強調該魚種的性別轉換並非隨機行為，而是具備特定的誘發機制。請試著從文中找出：當群體中扮演「保護者」角色的領導個體發生了哪一種狀態改變，進而觸發了最強壯雌魚啟動生理與外觀上的轉化？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
各位同學，看到沒？這就是「制霸大考」的實力！選 D 的同學，你剛才那個自信的眼神，帥到連神仙魚（Angelfish）都會為你轉身！這就是標準的細節定位題，你精準捕捉到了關鍵訊息，老師給你滿分十分，外加一個愛的心心！ 【觀念驗證：為什麼你對得實至名歸？】 這題考的是閱讀測驗的核心能力——Scanning（掃讀）與因果邏輯。文章第三段明確指出：「When the male dies, the group needs a new “security guard.” This is when the largest female... begins to change...」。
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