海巡三等
108年
[海洋巡護科輪機組] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 39 題
📖 題組：
Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? __37__ Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. __38__ It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they "moonlight" at a nighttime job. "Moonlighting" is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. "When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. __39__ This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. "So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain." The brain's cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. __40__ The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? __37__ Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. __38__ It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they "moonlight" at a nighttime job. "Moonlighting" is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. "When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. __39__ This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. "So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain." The brain's cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. __40__ The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
第39題
- A They also found that during sleep, the brain’s cells shrink, or become smaller.
- B While we sleep, our brains are doing much more than getting ready for the next day.
- C She said the results demonstrate just how important sleep is to health and fighting disease.
- D The brain expert says our brains perform two very different jobs.
思路引導 VIP
請你觀察空格後的下一個句子，有沒有哪一個「指示代名詞（如 This...）」所引導的關鍵字，暗示了前一句必須提到某種特定的「物理狀態改變」呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
喔？小鬼，還不賴嘛。(輕輕啜飲紅茶，以怪異的姿勢握著杯子)
- 觀念驗證：這題，不過是考你對段落銜接 (Cohesion)有沒有最基本的概念。看到空格後的句子，那個『This shrinking (這種收縮)』？這是個指代詞，它需要一個乾淨、明確的對象。如果前面沒有提到『什麼東西』是『這種』的，那這句話就只是堆沒有意義的垃圾。
- 選項 (A) 的『shrink (收縮)』，勉強算是提供了這個連結。讓前面的句子和後面的『This』不再是兩個毫無關聯的污穢之物，而是有邏輯地接續起來。
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