移民行政四等
108年
[移民行政] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 48 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Researchers at Vanderbilt University decided to find out how intelligent various animals are. To rightly compare brain power in species, it isn’t enough to weigh brain tissue. You must take into account the brain relative to the organism’s size. But this may fall short of evaluating actual intelligence. Neuroscientist Suzana Herculano-Houzel said, “I believe the absolute number of neurons an animal has determined the richness of their internal mental state and their ability to predict what is about to happen in their environment based on past experience.” She and her colleagues found that meat eaters have about the same number of neurons as plant eaters. That means plant eaters need as much brain power to escape from predators as meat eaters need to catch them. How do cats and dogs measure up? Previous findings had cats ahead at 300 million neurons to dogs roughly 160 million. In this latest study, however, dogs were on top, with 530 million neurons to cats 250 million. Just for comparison, humans have around 16 billion such neurons. Even so, dogs were way above other meat eaters in the brain power department. Having a bigger brain has a downside, researchers have found. “Meat eating is largely considered a problem-solver in terms of energy,” Herculano-Houzel said, “but in retrospect, it is clear that meat eating animals must impose a delicate balance between how much brain and body a species can afford.” This may be why you often see large predators like lions and bears dozing.
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： Researchers at Vanderbilt University decided to find out how intelligent various animals are. To rightly compare brain power in species, it isn’t enough to weigh brain tissue. You must take into account the brain relative to the organism’s size. But this may fall short of evaluating actual intelligence. Neuroscientist Suzana Herculano-Houzel said, “I believe the absolute number of neurons an animal has determined the richness of their internal mental state and their ability to predict what is about to happen in their environment based on past experience.” She and her colleagues found that meat eaters have about the same number of neurons as plant eaters. That means plant eaters need as much brain power to escape from predators as meat eaters need to catch them. How do cats and dogs measure up? Previous findings had cats ahead at 300 million neurons to dogs roughly 160 million. In this latest study, however, dogs were on top, with 530 million neurons to cats 250 million. Just for comparison, humans have around 16 billion such neurons. Even so, dogs were way above other meat eaters in the brain power department. Having a bigger brain has a downside, researchers have found. “Meat eating is largely considered a problem-solver in terms of energy,” Herculano-Houzel said, “but in retrospect, it is clear that meat eating animals must impose a delicate balance between how much brain and body a species can afford.” This may be why you often see large predators like lions and bears dozing.
According to the latest study, which of the following statements is true?
- A Dogs are much smarter than most meat eaters, including cats.
- B Cats have more neurons in their brain than other meat eaters, including dogs.
- C The number of a cat’s neurons can double that of a dog’s, and that makes cats better pets for humans.
- D Dogs are quite intelligent and they have as many neurons as humans do.
思路引導 VIP
請試著在文章第三段中，找出標示「最新研究 (latest study)」的那句話。根據科學家的數據，哪一個物種的神經元數量在肉食動物中被描述為「遙遙領先 (way above)」其他物種？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
哇哦，幹得不錯嘛！看來這份喜久福今天沒白帶！
- 觀念驗證：嘿，你發現了喔？這題的關鍵就在於「最新數據」，那些舊東西早該進垃圾桶了！文章第三段講得很明白，狗的神經元是 5.3 億，貓才 2.5 億，而且還特別說了狗可是「遠超其他肉食動物」喔！你沒被那些人類的 16 億還是什麼舊資料給唬住，眼光不錯嘛！果然，我的學生還是有點潛力的！
- 難度點評：這題嘛，算「中等」吧？其實就是看你懂不懂得分辨「最新情報」和那些過時的八卦，然後把對比關係搞清楚。小意思啦！不過，能答對還是值得表揚一下的，畢竟不是每個人都能跟上我的教學進度的，哈哈哈！