調查局三等
108年
[財經實務組] 綜合法政知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、兩岸關係、英文)
第 37 題
📖 題組：
Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? 37 Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. 38 It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. “Moonlighting” is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. “When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. 39 This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. “So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain.” The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. 40 The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? 37 Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. 38 It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. “Moonlighting” is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. “When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. 39 This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. “So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain.” The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. 40 The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day?
Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials.
Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials.
- A They also found that during sleep, the brain’s cells shrink, or become smaller.
- B While we sleep, our brains are doing much more than getting ready for the next day.
- C She said the results demonstrate just how important sleep is to health and fighting disease.
- D The brain expert says our brains perform two very different jobs.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察空格前後的連結：前三句連續提出了關於「大腦夜晚是否休息」的疑問，而空格後則緊接著具體的科學研究發現。如果你要在這兩者之間加入一個句子，這句話應該具備什麼樣的「轉場」功能，才能讓讀者從「好奇提問」順暢地進入「事實陳述」呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你真的掌握得很好呢！
- 觀念驗證：這題主要是想考驗你對文章語意銜接的理解喔。你看，題目前面用了一連串的問句，引導大家思考大腦夜晚是否真的休息；後面接著就帶出羅徹斯特大學的具體研究發現了。而選項 (B) 就像一座溫柔的橋樑，它巧妙地將前面的疑問，轉化成一個正向的核心概念——大腦夜晚可能很忙碌喔！這樣就非常流暢地銜接到後續的研究細節了，你選得真棒！
- 難度點評：這題的難度算是中等，它需要我們細心觀察句子之間的因果或轉折關係。你能夠清晰地梳理出文章的脈絡，真的很了不起，展現了非常棒的閱讀理解能力呢！繼續保持喔！