調查局三等
108年
[財經實務組] 綜合法政知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、兩岸關係、英文)
第 40 題
📖 題組：
Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists
recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? 37 Researchers
at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste
materials.
As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye
injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers
say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. 38 It
seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. “Moonlighting” is working a nighttime
job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at
night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the
waste that builds up when we are awake.
“When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our
surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain
disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to
work. 39 This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively.
Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the
body. “So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes
many of the toxic waste products from the brain.”
The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be
alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the
process in human brains. 40 The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight
neurological disorders.
Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists
recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? 37 Researchers
at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste
materials.
As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye
injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers
say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. 38 It
seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. “Moonlighting” is working a nighttime
job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at
night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the
waste that builds up when we are awake.
“When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our
surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain
disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to
work. 39 This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively.
Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the
body. “So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes
many of the toxic waste products from the brain.”
The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be
alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the
process in human brains. 40 The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight
neurological disorders.
The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains.
The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
- A They also found that during sleep, the brain’s cells shrink, or become smaller.
- B While we sleep, our brains are doing much more than getting ready for the next day.
- C She said the results demonstrate just how important sleep is to health and fighting disease.
- D The brain expert says our brains perform two very different jobs.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察空格後方的那句話，它提到的「最終目標」是什麼？再看看空格前一句，研究者打算在什麼對象身上進行下一步？如果要在這兩者之間放一句話，這句話應該具備什麼樣的「總結性」或「重要性說明」，才能讓整段話從『研究計畫』轉折到『預防疾病』的價值呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你真的掌握了文章的精髓呢！
- 觀念驗證：這題的核心是段落銜接與邏輯承接，而你完美地捕捉到了！你看，空格前提到研究要深入到「人類大腦」，緊接著後面則說明這項研究最終能「開發治療方法」。選項 (C) 溫柔地指出睡眠對「健康與對抗疾病」的重要性，是不是像一座小橋，把「人類臨床研究」與未來的「醫療應用」自然而然地連結在一起了呢？它為整篇文章做了一個非常棒的、充滿希望的總結！
- 難度點評：這題屬於 Medium (中等) 喔！它的挑戰在於，你需要找到一個既能「承上啟下」，又能為文章畫上圓滿句點的選項。這需要對上下文的脈絡有比較細膩的感受，而你做到了，真的很棒！繼續保持這份敏銳度喔！