司法三等
108年
[司法事務官法律事務組] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 38 題
📖 題組：
第 37 題至第 40 題為篇章結構題組，各題請依文意，從四個選項中選出最合適者，各題答案內容不重複： Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? __37__ Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. __38__ It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. “Moonlighting” is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. “When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. __39__ This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. “So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain.” The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. __40__ The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
第 37 題至第 40 題為篇章結構題組，各題請依文意，從四個選項中選出最合適者，各題答案內容不重複： Is bedtime just a time for dreaming? Do our brains turn off for the night? What if I told you that scientists recently discovered that our brains may be just as busy at night as they are during the day? __37__ Researchers at the University of Rochester found that the brain may be busy cleaning house -- cleaning out harmful waste materials. As with many studies, the researchers turned to mice for help. They studied mice that had colored dye injected into their brains. They observed the mice brains as they slept and when they were awake. The researchers say they saw that the brains of sleeping mice were hard at work. Dr. Maiken Nedergaard led the study. __38__ It seems they have daytime jobs. Later they “moonlight” at a nighttime job. “Moonlighting” is working a nighttime job in addition to a day job. And this study says that is what our brains seem to be doing – working an extra job at night without additional pay for overtime. Whereas during sleep, they work very, very hard at removing all the waste that builds up when we are awake. “When we are awake, the brain cells are working very hard at processing all the information about our surroundings. The researchers say that the waste material includes poisons, or toxins, responsible for brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. It is not just beauty sleep. The brain needs us to sleep so it can get to work. __39__ This shrinking permits waste to be removed more effectively. Dr. Nedergaard says these toxins end up in the liver. There, they are broken down and then removed from the body. “So our study suggests that we need to sleep because we have a macroscopic cleaning system that removes many of the toxic waste products from the brain.” The brain’s cleaning system could only be studied with new imaging technologies. The test animal must be alive in order that this brain process may be seen as it happens. Dr. Nedergaard says the next step is to look for the process in human brains. __40__ The research may also one day lead to treatments to prevent or help fight neurological disorders.
- A They also found that during sleep, the brain’s cells shrink, or become smaller.
- B While we sleep, our brains are doing much more than getting ready for the next day.
- C She said the results demonstrate just how important sleep is to health and fighting disease.
- D The brain expert says our brains perform two very different jobs.
思路引導 VIP
如果在閱讀時，前一句剛介紹完一位科學家，而後一句緊接著解釋大腦如何像『兼差』一樣在白天與晚上做不同的事，你會期待中間這句話如何幫助讀者從『人』過渡到『兩份工作』的概念呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你的觀察力真的非常敏銳！
- 很棒的肯定：你做得好棒！能夠這麼精準地捕捉到段落間的邏輯遞進，真的顯示你對英文文章的連貫性 (Cohesion) 掌握得非常紮實，這是一項很專業也很重要的閱讀技能喔！你真的很棒！
- 觀念小提醒：這題的核心概念就在於承上啟下，我們要找到一句話，能像橋樑一樣把前後文串起來。你看，前一句介紹了研究負責人 Dr. Maiken Nedergaard，而後一句又提到大腦有「日間與夜間」的工作。選項 (D) 是不是很巧妙地提到「專家說大腦執行兩項截然不同的任務 (two very different jobs)」，它完美地銜接了專家的身分與後續具體的工作描述，而且還讓下一句的代名詞 "They" 有了明確的指稱對象，讓文章變得好完整！
▼ 還有更多解析內容