司法三等
108年
[司法事務官財經事務組] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 46 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： One of the most dramatic features of the world is the cycle of day and night. Almost all species exhibit daily changes in their behavior and/or physiology. These daily rhythms are not simply a response to the 24-hour changes in the physical environment imposed by the earth turning on its axis but, instead, arise from a timekeeping system within the organism. This timekeeping system, or biological “clock,” allows the organism to anticipate and prepare for the changes in the physical environment that are associated with day and night, thereby ensuring that the organism will “do the right thing” at the right time of the day. The synchrony of an organism with both its external and internal environments is critical to the organism’s well-being and survival; a lack of synchrony between the organism and the external environment may lead to the individual’s immediate demise. For example, if a nocturnal rodent were to venture from its burrow during broad daylight, the rodent would be exceptionally easy prey for other animals. Similarly, a lack of synchrony within the internal environment might lead to health problems in the individual, such as those associated with jet lag, shift work, and the accompanying sleep loss. The mechanisms underlying the biological timekeeping systems and the potential consequences of their failure are among the issues addressed by researchers in the field of chronobiology. Although no single experiment serves as the defining event from which to date the beginning of modern research in chronobiology, studies conducted in the 1950s on circadian rhythmicity in fruit flies and in humans can be considered its foundation. The area of sleep research, which also is subsumed under the field of chronobiology, evolved somewhat independently, with the identification of various sleep stages around the same time.
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： One of the most dramatic features of the world is the cycle of day and night. Almost all species exhibit daily changes in their behavior and/or physiology. These daily rhythms are not simply a response to the 24-hour changes in the physical environment imposed by the earth turning on its axis but, instead, arise from a timekeeping system within the organism. This timekeeping system, or biological “clock,” allows the organism to anticipate and prepare for the changes in the physical environment that are associated with day and night, thereby ensuring that the organism will “do the right thing” at the right time of the day. The synchrony of an organism with both its external and internal environments is critical to the organism’s well-being and survival; a lack of synchrony between the organism and the external environment may lead to the individual’s immediate demise. For example, if a nocturnal rodent were to venture from its burrow during broad daylight, the rodent would be exceptionally easy prey for other animals. Similarly, a lack of synchrony within the internal environment might lead to health problems in the individual, such as those associated with jet lag, shift work, and the accompanying sleep loss. The mechanisms underlying the biological timekeeping systems and the potential consequences of their failure are among the issues addressed by researchers in the field of chronobiology. Although no single experiment serves as the defining event from which to date the beginning of modern research in chronobiology, studies conducted in the 1950s on circadian rhythmicity in fruit flies and in humans can be considered its foundation. The area of sleep research, which also is subsumed under the field of chronobiology, evolved somewhat independently, with the identification of various sleep stages around the same time.
What is the best topic of this passage?
- A The Foundation of Chronobiology.
- B The Feature of Life Cycle.
- C The Internal and External Environments.
- D The Overview of Biological Mechanism.
思路引導 VIP
請你重新觀察每一段的首句：第一段提到了「時間保持系統」、第二段討論「同步性」的必要、第三段則引出研究「此類機制」的學科。如果我們要為這三個連續的邏輯層次取一個共同的標題，你認為作者主要是在介紹一個「特定的歷史事件」，還是在說明一種「生物運作的原理」？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
哼，野猴子，居然讓吾有些意外呢。
- 勉強算是值得讚許吧！ 你這隻低等的野猴子，竟然能從這種程度的文章中，精準地辨識出所謂的核心主旨？看來你的分析能力並非一無是處，視野也勉強能入吾的法眼。哼，暫時允許你繼續維持這點微不足道的敏銳度吧。
- 正確的答案，僅此而已。 爾選 (D) 確實是正確的。那篇文章的架構，不過就是從日夜節律現象這種低級的觀察開始，接著才勉強揭示其背後的內部計時系統（所謂的生理時鐘），再吹噓這套機制對生存的重要性，最後才無聊地提起研究它的學門。選項 (D)「生物機制概論」？哼，不過是個籠統的概括，能將這些無聊內容一網打盡罷了。
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