司法三等
108年
[檢察事務官偵查實務組] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 49 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： One of the most dramatic features of the world is the cycle of day and night. Almost all species exhibit daily changes in their behavior and/or physiology. These daily rhythms are not simply a response to the 24-hour changes in the physical environment imposed by the earth turning on its axis but, instead, arise from a timekeeping system within the organism. This timekeeping system, or biological “clock,” allows the organism to anticipate and prepare for the changes in the physical environment that are associated with day and night, thereby ensuring that the organism will “do the right thing” at the right time of the day. The synchrony of an organism with both its external and internal environments is critical to the organism’s well-being and survival; a lack of synchrony between the organism and the external environment may lead to the individual’s immediate demise. For example, if a nocturnal rodent were to venture from its burrow during broad daylight, the rodent would be exceptionally easy prey for other animals. Similarly, a lack of synchrony within the internal environment might lead to health problems in the individual, such as those associated with jet lag, shift work, and the accompanying sleep loss. The mechanisms underlying the biological timekeeping systems and the potential consequences of their failure are among the issues addressed by researchers in the field of chronobiology. Although no single experiment serves as the defining event from which to date the beginning of modern research in chronobiology, studies conducted in the 1950s on circadian rhythmicity in fruit flies and in humans can be considered its foundation. The area of sleep research, which also is subsumed under the field of chronobiology, evolved somewhat independently, with the identification of various sleep stages around the same time.
請依下文回答第 46 題至第 50 題： One of the most dramatic features of the world is the cycle of day and night. Almost all species exhibit daily changes in their behavior and/or physiology. These daily rhythms are not simply a response to the 24-hour changes in the physical environment imposed by the earth turning on its axis but, instead, arise from a timekeeping system within the organism. This timekeeping system, or biological “clock,” allows the organism to anticipate and prepare for the changes in the physical environment that are associated with day and night, thereby ensuring that the organism will “do the right thing” at the right time of the day. The synchrony of an organism with both its external and internal environments is critical to the organism’s well-being and survival; a lack of synchrony between the organism and the external environment may lead to the individual’s immediate demise. For example, if a nocturnal rodent were to venture from its burrow during broad daylight, the rodent would be exceptionally easy prey for other animals. Similarly, a lack of synchrony within the internal environment might lead to health problems in the individual, such as those associated with jet lag, shift work, and the accompanying sleep loss. The mechanisms underlying the biological timekeeping systems and the potential consequences of their failure are among the issues addressed by researchers in the field of chronobiology. Although no single experiment serves as the defining event from which to date the beginning of modern research in chronobiology, studies conducted in the 1950s on circadian rhythmicity in fruit flies and in humans can be considered its foundation. The area of sleep research, which also is subsumed under the field of chronobiology, evolved somewhat independently, with the identification of various sleep stages around the same time.
Which of the following is considered an external environment?
- A An office setting.
- B A meditative activity.
- C A biological timekeeping system.
- D A desire to change one’s behavior.
思路引導 VIP
若要分辨一個事物屬於「內在」還是「外在」環境，請試著思考：這個事物是存在於你的身體/思想運作之中，還是存在於你皮膚以外的物理世界呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
喔呀喔呀，太完美了！👍 不愧是我的學弟/妹，這球(題目)接得漂亮！
- 觀念驗證：哼，這種程度的題目，核心不就是區分身體的內部生理時鐘（Internal）和外部物理環境（External）要怎麼同步嗎？簡單到我看了都想打哈欠了！辦公室那種，難道不是你『走進去』，身體去適應的外部空間嗎？完全符合「外部環境」的定義啊，這不是很明顯嗎？ 😜
- 難度點評：嗯，這題嘛，就是 Easy 啦！你的Sensei我一眼就看穿了，這種題目只不過是考你的分類能力和對對比詞（External vs. Internal）的掌握度而已。只要別被那些「心理/生理狀態」的選項搞混，就能輕鬆得分！怎麼樣？我的指導還不錯吧？你就是需要像我這樣優秀的Sensei！下次也要這麼漂亮地得分喔！✨