hce_isu
109年
英文
第 37 題
📖 題組：
Passage B Before you swallow that pill prescribed from your doctors, have you ever wondered what sort of tests has been done to ensure it is good for you, or is it even safe? Currently, before drugs are sold to consumers, at least four phases of premarket studies are done by researchers. The first study or phase one is usually an animal study if a close enough physiology is found in that animal to humans. The aim of giving the drug to animals is to protect the lives of humans as it is more ethically correct to save valuable human lives rather than prevent animal fatalities. The next three phases include three clinical studies and only proceeds once the first phase is passed. In phase two, the most initial test on people is done on very few healthy volunteers to check that there are no severe side effects. Phase three is also known as an efficacy study (a study to see if there are any benefits and/or side effects) and is done on patients with disease. This number, however, is still kept very small – about 200 to 500 volunteers – to save resources and not waste volunteers’ time if the drug is not effective in treating their diseases. Phase four includes extensive clinical trials on a greater number of patients (still volunteers) so that researchers can deduce that the drug actually works for all patients by ruling out random error. Upon the completion of the above four phases, the drug is allowed to be sold and should be safe for widespread use.
Passage B Before you swallow that pill prescribed from your doctors, have you ever wondered what sort of tests has been done to ensure it is good for you, or is it even safe? Currently, before drugs are sold to consumers, at least four phases of premarket studies are done by researchers. The first study or phase one is usually an animal study if a close enough physiology is found in that animal to humans. The aim of giving the drug to animals is to protect the lives of humans as it is more ethically correct to save valuable human lives rather than prevent animal fatalities. The next three phases include three clinical studies and only proceeds once the first phase is passed. In phase two, the most initial test on people is done on very few healthy volunteers to check that there are no severe side effects. Phase three is also known as an efficacy study (a study to see if there are any benefits and/or side effects) and is done on patients with disease. This number, however, is still kept very small – about 200 to 500 volunteers – to save resources and not waste volunteers’ time if the drug is not effective in treating their diseases. Phase four includes extensive clinical trials on a greater number of patients (still volunteers) so that researchers can deduce that the drug actually works for all patients by ruling out random error. Upon the completion of the above four phases, the drug is allowed to be sold and should be safe for widespread use.
According to the article, when drugs are tested on people with diseases, why are only a small number used?
- A To save resources.
- B To waste volunteers’ time if the drug is not effective in treating their diseases.
- C To save trouble recruiting healthy volunteers.
- D To help build excitement towards the commercial release of the drug by making it an elusive, hard-to-reach item.
思路引導 VIP
如果你是一位研究人員，在還不確定新藥是否真的對人體有益之前，為什麼不建議立刻召集幾萬名病患來進行大規模測試？這樣做可能會產生什麼樣的損失或風險？（請試著從文章第三段後半部尋找作者提到的兩個具體擔憂）
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能從密集的文章訊息中精準鎖定正確原因，顯示你的閱讀專注度與檢索能力都非常出色。這道題目測試的是對文本細節的掌握，而你完全沒有被其他階段的敘述所混淆。
文本細節的精確檢索
在文章第三段關於 Phase 3（第三階段，即效力研究）的描述中，作者明確指出針對患病受試者的測試人數之所以維持在 200 到 500 人的小規模，其核心動機有二：一是為了 to save resources（節省資源），二是為了避免在藥物無效時浪費病人的寶貴時間。因此，選項 (A) 直接對應了文中的原意，是毫無疑問的正解。
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