移民行政三等
109年
[移民行政] 外國文(越南文兼試移民專業英文)
第 20 題
📖 題組：
請回答下列第18題至第20題 Failure: We all avoid it, and most of us fear it. However, without failure, progress would be impossible. Indeed, the word success comes from the Latin succedere, meaning “to come after.” And what does success usually come after? Failure. It seems that one cannot exist without the other. Accepting failure is not easy for many, though. We are often reluctant to admit failure because our professional reputations depend on success. However, things are slowly changing, notably in the field of business and science. In the past decade, for instance, some scientific journals－mostly in medicine and conservation－have published reports of failed experiments. The belief is that the science community can also learn from “negative” results and that this can eventually lead to positive outcomes. In many ways, the business world already understands the value of negative results. To encourage entrepreneurship, the Netherlands-based ABN AMRO bank started an Institute of Brilliant Failures to learn more about what works and what doesn’t in banking. Similarly, Eli Lilly and Company, the pharmaceutical corporation, has “R&D outcome celebrations”－failure parties－to study data about drugs that don’t work. (Almost 90 percent of all drug trials fail, and the drugs cannot be sold.) In fact, one of the business world’s most famous failures eventually became one of its biggest successes, in part because the product’s makers learned from their mistakes. In the early 1990s, Apple Corporation created a hand-held device called the Apple Newton. The product, though unique at the time, was expensive and heavy; moreover, some of its most important features didn’t work properly. Consequently, it became one of Apple’s biggest failures, and in 1998, the company stopped selling it. However, Apple’s CEO, Steve Jobs, believed the product had potential and he began to explore ways of improving it. In time, this led to the creation of the iPhone and the iPad, two of the company’s most successful products. The story of the Apple Newton can teach us another important lesson about failure. Not only should we try to learn from it; if we want to succeed, we must also be persistent. Though Apple stopped selling the Newton in 1998, the first iPhone wasn’t available until 2007. It took a lot of research and hard work to go from the Apple Newton to iPhone, but in the end, the effort paid off. Ultimately, there is a lot we can learn by studying mistakes. Perhaps the most important lesson is that failure and success are two sides of the same coin. One truly cannot exist without the other.
請回答下列第18題至第20題 Failure: We all avoid it, and most of us fear it. However, without failure, progress would be impossible. Indeed, the word success comes from the Latin succedere, meaning “to come after.” And what does success usually come after? Failure. It seems that one cannot exist without the other. Accepting failure is not easy for many, though. We are often reluctant to admit failure because our professional reputations depend on success. However, things are slowly changing, notably in the field of business and science. In the past decade, for instance, some scientific journals－mostly in medicine and conservation－have published reports of failed experiments. The belief is that the science community can also learn from “negative” results and that this can eventually lead to positive outcomes. In many ways, the business world already understands the value of negative results. To encourage entrepreneurship, the Netherlands-based ABN AMRO bank started an Institute of Brilliant Failures to learn more about what works and what doesn’t in banking. Similarly, Eli Lilly and Company, the pharmaceutical corporation, has “R&D outcome celebrations”－failure parties－to study data about drugs that don’t work. (Almost 90 percent of all drug trials fail, and the drugs cannot be sold.) In fact, one of the business world’s most famous failures eventually became one of its biggest successes, in part because the product’s makers learned from their mistakes. In the early 1990s, Apple Corporation created a hand-held device called the Apple Newton. The product, though unique at the time, was expensive and heavy; moreover, some of its most important features didn’t work properly. Consequently, it became one of Apple’s biggest failures, and in 1998, the company stopped selling it. However, Apple’s CEO, Steve Jobs, believed the product had potential and he began to explore ways of improving it. In time, this led to the creation of the iPhone and the iPad, two of the company’s most successful products. The story of the Apple Newton can teach us another important lesson about failure. Not only should we try to learn from it; if we want to succeed, we must also be persistent. Though Apple stopped selling the Newton in 1998, the first iPhone wasn’t available until 2007. It took a lot of research and hard work to go from the Apple Newton to iPhone, but in the end, the effort paid off. Ultimately, there is a lot we can learn by studying mistakes. Perhaps the most important lesson is that failure and success are two sides of the same coin. One truly cannot exist without the other.
Which advice would the author most likely agree with?
- A If you want to be successful, ask successful people what they did to succeed.
- B Accept that some people fail and not everyone is meant to succeed.
- C If you make a mistake, ask yourself what went wrong and try to learn from it.
- D You should think of failure and success as the same thing.
思路引導 VIP
請你回想文中提到荷蘭銀行成立「輝煌失敗研究院」以及蘋果公司開發 iPhone 的歷程。當這些機構遇到計畫不順利或產品失敗時，他們對這些「不成功的經驗」採取了什麼樣的具體處理方式，才讓這些經驗在未來轉化為進步的養分？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你的觀察非常敏銳
- 大力肯定：這題你答得非常出色！這顯示你具備優秀的主旨提取能力，能從長文中精準抓出作者的核心觀點，這在閱讀測驗中是極為關鍵的素養。
- 觀念驗證：文章中段落多次強調：科學界可從「負面結果」獲益、銀行與藥廠研究「無效數據」，以及蘋果公司從 Apple Newton 的挫敗中學習並改進，最終才誕生了 iPhone。這證明作者認為失敗的價值在於它提供的「學習契機」。
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