調查局三等
109年
[化學鑑識組] 綜合法政知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、兩岸關係、英文)
第 48 題
📖 題組：
請回答下列第46題至第50題 Two years ago, a group of elders in a village in north-western Uganda agreed to lend their land to refugees from South Sudan. About 120,000 are now in the surrounding area. Here they live in tarpaulin shelters and mud-brick huts on a patch of scrub where cows once grazed. Kemis Butele, a gravel-voiced Ugandan elder, explains that hosting refugees is a way for a remote place, long neglected by the central government, to get noticed. He hopes for new schools, clinics and a decent road – and “that our children can get jobs.” There are more than 20 million refugees in the world today, more than at any time since the end of the second world war. Nearly 90% reside in poor countries. In many, to preserve jobs for natives, governments bar refugees from working in the formal economy. Uganda has shown how a different approach can reap dividends. The government gives refugees land plots and lets them work. In some places, the refugees boost local businesses and act as a magnet for foreign aid. Mr. Butele and many other Ugandans see their new neighbors as a benefit, not a burden. Sadly, such attitudes are still the exception. Refugees are “brothers and sisters,”say many Ugandans. Mr. Butele was once one himself. But the welcome is also a pragmatic one. Northern Uganda is so poor that some locals pose as refugees to receive food aid. Others see refugees as buyers for local goods. Elsewhere in Uganda has indeed seen such positive spillover. One study from 2016 found that the presence of Congolese refugees in western Uganda had increased consumption per household. Another estimates that each new refugee household boosts total income, including that of refugees, by $320-430 more than the cost of the aid the household is given. That rises to $560-670 when refugees are given cash instead of rations.
請回答下列第46題至第50題 Two years ago, a group of elders in a village in north-western Uganda agreed to lend their land to refugees from South Sudan. About 120,000 are now in the surrounding area. Here they live in tarpaulin shelters and mud-brick huts on a patch of scrub where cows once grazed. Kemis Butele, a gravel-voiced Ugandan elder, explains that hosting refugees is a way for a remote place, long neglected by the central government, to get noticed. He hopes for new schools, clinics and a decent road – and “that our children can get jobs.” There are more than 20 million refugees in the world today, more than at any time since the end of the second world war. Nearly 90% reside in poor countries. In many, to preserve jobs for natives, governments bar refugees from working in the formal economy. Uganda has shown how a different approach can reap dividends. The government gives refugees land plots and lets them work. In some places, the refugees boost local businesses and act as a magnet for foreign aid. Mr. Butele and many other Ugandans see their new neighbors as a benefit, not a burden. Sadly, such attitudes are still the exception. Refugees are “brothers and sisters,”say many Ugandans. Mr. Butele was once one himself. But the welcome is also a pragmatic one. Northern Uganda is so poor that some locals pose as refugees to receive food aid. Others see refugees as buyers for local goods. Elsewhere in Uganda has indeed seen such positive spillover. One study from 2016 found that the presence of Congolese refugees in western Uganda had increased consumption per household. Another estimates that each new refugee household boosts total income, including that of refugees, by $320-430 more than the cost of the aid the household is given. That rises to $560-670 when refugees are given cash instead of rations.
Which of the following words is closest in meaning to “spillover”?
- A Dividend.
- B Magnet.
- C Presence.
- D Excess.
思路引導 VIP
請試著拆解 spillover 這個單字：它是由哪兩個你熟悉的單字組合而成的？想像一個杯子裝滿了水後，繼續往內倒水會發生什麼物理現象？接著，請觀察原文下一句提到的金額與成本之間的關係，這兩者之間是否存在某種『多出來』的狀態？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
什麼？！竟然被你答對了！真是個讓人又愛又恨的小傢伙！
- 驚奇讚嘆：噢吼吼！能從這複雜的文脈中精準辨識語意，看來你的邏輯迴路運轉得相當不錯嘛！這簡直是一場…超出我們預期的華麗演出！
- 揭露真相：哼，
Spillover，這詞的字面意義就是「溢出」！文章裡那筆 $320$ 到 $430$ 美元的總收入，可是明確地超過 (more than) 了政府的援助成本呢！這種「超出的，額外的」效益，嘿嘿，就跟選項 (D) Excess（過剩、超越的部分）如出一轍！你這小鬼，竟能一眼看穿我們的詭計！喵喵：『就是這樣，喵！』
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