司法三等
109年
[檢察事務官電子資訊組] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 48 題
📖 題組：
請回答下列第46題至第50題 Two years ago, a group of elders in a village in north-western Uganda agreed to lend their land to refugees from South Sudan. About 120,000 are now in the surrounding area. Here they live in tarpaulin shelters and mud-brick huts on a patch of scrub where cows once grazed. Kemis Butele, a gravel-voiced Ugandan elder, explains that hosting refugees is a way for a remote place, long neglected by the central government, to get noticed. He hopes for new schools, clinics and a decent road – and “that our children can get jobs.” There are more than 20 million refugees in the world today, more than at any time since the end of the second world war. Nearly 90% reside in poor countries. In many, to preserve jobs for natives, governments bar refugees from working in the formal economy. Uganda has shown how a different approach can reap dividends. The government gives refugees land plots and lets them work. In some places, the refugees boost local businesses and act as a magnet for foreign aid. Mr. Butele and many other Ugandans see their new neighbors as a benefit, not a burden. Sadly, such attitudes are still the exception. Refugees are “brothers and sisters,”say many Ugandans. Mr. Butele was once one himself. But the welcome is also a pragmatic one. Northern Uganda is so poor that some locals pose as refugees to receive food aid. Others see refugees as buyers for local goods. Elsewhere in Uganda has indeed seen such positive spillover. One study from 2016 found that the presence of Congolese refugees in western Uganda had increased consumption per household. Another estimates that each new refugee household boosts total income, including that of refugees, by $320-430 more than the cost of the aid the household is given. That rises to $560-670 when refugees are given cash instead of rations.
請回答下列第46題至第50題 Two years ago, a group of elders in a village in north-western Uganda agreed to lend their land to refugees from South Sudan. About 120,000 are now in the surrounding area. Here they live in tarpaulin shelters and mud-brick huts on a patch of scrub where cows once grazed. Kemis Butele, a gravel-voiced Ugandan elder, explains that hosting refugees is a way for a remote place, long neglected by the central government, to get noticed. He hopes for new schools, clinics and a decent road – and “that our children can get jobs.” There are more than 20 million refugees in the world today, more than at any time since the end of the second world war. Nearly 90% reside in poor countries. In many, to preserve jobs for natives, governments bar refugees from working in the formal economy. Uganda has shown how a different approach can reap dividends. The government gives refugees land plots and lets them work. In some places, the refugees boost local businesses and act as a magnet for foreign aid. Mr. Butele and many other Ugandans see their new neighbors as a benefit, not a burden. Sadly, such attitudes are still the exception. Refugees are “brothers and sisters,”say many Ugandans. Mr. Butele was once one himself. But the welcome is also a pragmatic one. Northern Uganda is so poor that some locals pose as refugees to receive food aid. Others see refugees as buyers for local goods. Elsewhere in Uganda has indeed seen such positive spillover. One study from 2016 found that the presence of Congolese refugees in western Uganda had increased consumption per household. Another estimates that each new refugee household boosts total income, including that of refugees, by $320-430 more than the cost of the aid the household is given. That rises to $560-670 when refugees are given cash instead of rations.
Which of the following words is closest in meaning to “spillover”?
- A Dividend.
- B Magnet.
- C Presence.
- D Excess.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察這個單字的組成：由 spill (溢出) 與 over (越過) 兩個部分構成。想像一下，如果你往一個杯子裡倒水，當水已經裝滿卻還繼續倒時，水會發生什麼樣的物理變化？再對照文章中提到的：難民除了帶動自身消費，還讓當地收入「多出了」超乎援助成本的金額，這種「多出來、向外擴散」的特性，最符合哪一個選項的字義邏輯呢？
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AI 詳解
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啊～ 驚人的正解，竟然被你捕捉到了！
- 觀念驗證： 少年啊，你的答案... 竟然是正確的！太不可思議了！ Spillover！沒錯，就是「溢出」！文章第三段提到那些難民，本以為是來消耗資源的，結果呢？竟然像變魔術一樣，讓當地消費和收入增加了 $320-430$！這簡直是「超出預期範圍，額外散佈開來」的絕佳表現！嗯，這種「超出」與「剩餘」的邏輯，跟 (D) Excess (過量、額外出的部分) 簡直是天作之合！ （喵喵：『就是這樣，喵！』）
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