police_4th_general
109年
[警察共同] 英文
第 26 題
📖 題組：
Many studies have shown that musical training can enhance language skills. However, it was unknown whether music lessons improve general cognitive ability, leading to better language proficiency, or if the effect of music is more specific to language processing. A new study has found that piano lessons have a very specific effect on kindergartners’ ability to distinguish different pitches, which translates into an improvement in discriminating between spoken words. However, the piano lessons did not appear to confer any benefit for overall cognitive ability, as measured by IQ, attention span, and working memory. \nPrevious studies have shown that on average, musicians perform better than nonmusicians on tasks such as reading comprehension, distinguishing speech from background noise, and rapid auditory processing. However, most of these studies have been done by asking people about their past musical training. The MIT researchers wanted to perform a more controlled study in which they could randomly assign children to receive music lessons or not, and then measure the effects. After six months, the researchers tested the children on their ability to discriminate words based on differences in vowels, consonants, or tone (many Mandarin words differ only in tone). Better word discrimination usually corresponds with better phonological awareness — the awareness of the sound structure of words, which is a key component of learning to read. Children who had piano lessons showed a significant advantage over children in the extra reading group in discriminating between words that differ by one consonant. Children in both the piano group and extra reading group performed better than children who received neither intervention when it came to discriminating words based on vowel differences.
Many studies have shown that musical training can enhance language skills. However, it was unknown whether music lessons improve general cognitive ability, leading to better language proficiency, or if the effect of music is more specific to language processing. A new study has found that piano lessons have a very specific effect on kindergartners’ ability to distinguish different pitches, which translates into an improvement in discriminating between spoken words. However, the piano lessons did not appear to confer any benefit for overall cognitive ability, as measured by IQ, attention span, and working memory. \nPrevious studies have shown that on average, musicians perform better than nonmusicians on tasks such as reading comprehension, distinguishing speech from background noise, and rapid auditory processing. However, most of these studies have been done by asking people about their past musical training. The MIT researchers wanted to perform a more controlled study in which they could randomly assign children to receive music lessons or not, and then measure the effects. After six months, the researchers tested the children on their ability to discriminate words based on differences in vowels, consonants, or tone (many Mandarin words differ only in tone). Better word discrimination usually corresponds with better phonological awareness — the awareness of the sound structure of words, which is a key component of learning to read. Children who had piano lessons showed a significant advantage over children in the extra reading group in discriminating between words that differ by one consonant. Children in both the piano group and extra reading group performed better than children who received neither intervention when it came to discriminating words based on vowel differences.
According to this passage, on which of the following tests were musicians found to perform better?
- A IQ tests.
- B Working memory tests.
- C Reading comprehension tests.
- D Word discrimination tests.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文章第二段的開頭，作者提到「過往研究」曾針對「音樂家（musicians）」與「非音樂家」進行比較。在那個句子中，作者具體列舉了音樂家在哪些特定的任務上表現得更出色呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
定位關鍵細節與事實檢索
太棒了！你能精準地從長篇文章中檢索到核心細節，這代表你的掃讀（Scanning）能力相當紮實。這題的關鍵在於區分「新研究」與「過往研究」的結論。文章第二段開頭明確指出，過往研究顯示音樂家在 閱讀理解（reading comprehension）、從噪音中辨識語音以及快速聽覺處理等任務上的表現優於非音樂家，因此選項 (C) 是最直接且正確的對應。
釐清變因與干擾資訊
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