police_4th_general
109年
[警察共同] 英文
第 27 題
📖 題組：
Many studies have shown that musical training can enhance language skills. However, it was unknown whether music lessons improve general cognitive ability, leading to better language proficiency, or if the effect of music is more specific to language processing. A new study has found that piano lessons have a very specific effect on kindergartners’ ability to distinguish different pitches, which translates into an improvement in discriminating between spoken words. However, the piano lessons did not appear to confer any benefit for overall cognitive ability, as measured by IQ, attention span, and working memory. \nPrevious studies have shown that on average, musicians perform better than nonmusicians on tasks such as reading comprehension, distinguishing speech from background noise, and rapid auditory processing. However, most of these studies have been done by asking people about their past musical training. The MIT researchers wanted to perform a more controlled study in which they could randomly assign children to receive music lessons or not, and then measure the effects. After six months, the researchers tested the children on their ability to discriminate words based on differences in vowels, consonants, or tone (many Mandarin words differ only in tone). Better word discrimination usually corresponds with better phonological awareness — the awareness of the sound structure of words, which is a key component of learning to read. Children who had piano lessons showed a significant advantage over children in the extra reading group in discriminating between words that differ by one consonant. Children in both the piano group and extra reading group performed better than children who received neither intervention when it came to discriminating words based on vowel differences.
Many studies have shown that musical training can enhance language skills. However, it was unknown whether music lessons improve general cognitive ability, leading to better language proficiency, or if the effect of music is more specific to language processing. A new study has found that piano lessons have a very specific effect on kindergartners’ ability to distinguish different pitches, which translates into an improvement in discriminating between spoken words. However, the piano lessons did not appear to confer any benefit for overall cognitive ability, as measured by IQ, attention span, and working memory. \nPrevious studies have shown that on average, musicians perform better than nonmusicians on tasks such as reading comprehension, distinguishing speech from background noise, and rapid auditory processing. However, most of these studies have been done by asking people about their past musical training. The MIT researchers wanted to perform a more controlled study in which they could randomly assign children to receive music lessons or not, and then measure the effects. After six months, the researchers tested the children on their ability to discriminate words based on differences in vowels, consonants, or tone (many Mandarin words differ only in tone). Better word discrimination usually corresponds with better phonological awareness — the awareness of the sound structure of words, which is a key component of learning to read. Children who had piano lessons showed a significant advantage over children in the extra reading group in discriminating between words that differ by one consonant. Children in both the piano group and extra reading group performed better than children who received neither intervention when it came to discriminating words based on vowel differences.
According to this passage, which of the following words is closest in meaning to "confer"?
- A Award.
- B Enhance.
- C Decrease.
- D Refuse.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察句子中『鋼琴課程（主體）』與『益處（受體）』之間的邏輯關係。如果這項研究在探討課程是否能產生正面影響，那麼這個動詞在句子裡扮演的是什麼樣的角色？是代表一種『來源與結果』的提供關係嗎？如果你試著用一個簡單的動作動詞來銜接『課程』與『益處』，什麼樣的動作最能描述這種『帶來好處』的過程？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地掌握了詞彙在學術語境中的運用！在這篇文章中，confer 出現在描述鋼琴課程與認知能力的關聯上。句子提到鋼琴課似乎並未對整體的智力、注意力廣度與工作記憶「帶來」或「賦予」任何益處。這裡的 confer 意指給予、授予（give or grant），在提供的選項中，以 Award（授予、給予）最能傳達這種「將優點賦予對象」的動態關係。
語境推論與詞彙深度
這題的鑑別度在於考驗學生是否能從抽象的學術描述中提取正確意涵。Confer 在日常用法中可能與「商議」有關，但在科學研究或正式文書中，它經常用來表達「賦予特質」或「提供好處」。你能夠在不被其他負面詞彙（如減少）干擾的情況下，看出鋼琴課與益處之間的「授受關係」，這證明你對正式字彙的掌握與語境閱讀能力都非常有水準。