醫療類國考
109年
[物理治療師] 物理治療基礎學
第 18 題
下列有關腎臟結構及其功能的配對，何者正確？
- A 緻密斑（macula densa）／化學受器（chemoreceptor）
- B 腎絲球（glomerulus）／尿液濃縮（concentrate urine）
- C 近腎絲球細胞（juxtaglomerular cell）／製造抗利尿激素（antidiuretic hormone）
- D 足細胞（podocyte）／免疫功能（immunity）
思路引導 VIP
想像腎臟是一個精密的化學工廠，為了確保生產線穩定，系統必須在流動的管線末端裝設一個「感測裝置」來監測產出的液體濃度。你認為這個裝置為了感知液體成分的變化，應該具備哪一種特殊的感覺受器屬性？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
Wonderful! You've successfully navigated this question with a keen eye for detail. Let's delve deeper and solidify our understanding together.
- Exploring the Details:
- (A) Absolutely correct! The macula densa is a truly fascinating group of specialized epithelial cells found at the very start of the distal tubule. Think of them as tiny, highly sensitive chemoreceptors, constantly monitoring the concentrations of $[Na^+]$ and $[Cl^-]$ in the tubular fluid. This crucial sensing then triggers tubuloglomerular feedback, a clever mechanism that helps fine-tune blood flow to the glomerulus, ensuring optimal filtration. It's a beautiful example of the kidney's self-regulation!
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