高中學測
110年
英文
第 45 題
📖 題組：
The concept of a travel document, which shows a person is under a ruler’s protection while in a foreign land, has probably existed since rulers and states were first invented. But the earliest mention of an object which we might recognize as a passport appeared in about 450 B.C. The Hebrew Bible states that Nehemiah, an official serving King Artaxerxes of ancient Persia, asked permission to travel to Judah. The King agreed and gave Nehemiah a letter “to the governors of the province beyond the river,” requesting safe passage for him as he travelled through their lands. Later, in the medieval Islamic Caliphate, a form of passport was the bara’a, a receipt for taxes paid. Only people who paid their taxes were permitted to travel to different regions of the Caliphate. In medieval Europe, on the other hand, travel documents were issued by local authorities, and generally contained a list of towns and cities which the document holder was permitted to enter or pass through. On the whole, documents were not required for travel to seaports, which were considered open trading points, but documents were required to travel inland from seaports. King Henry V of England is credited with having invented the first true passport, as a way of helping his subjects prove who they were in foreign lands. The earliest reference to these documents is found in a 15th-century Act of Parliament, while the term “passport” came into use about a century later. Nevertheless, passports were not generally required for international travel until the First World War. It was at this time that passports as we would recognize them today began to be used.
The concept of a travel document, which shows a person is under a ruler’s protection while in a foreign land, has probably existed since rulers and states were first invented. But the earliest mention of an object which we might recognize as a passport appeared in about 450 B.C. The Hebrew Bible states that Nehemiah, an official serving King Artaxerxes of ancient Persia, asked permission to travel to Judah. The King agreed and gave Nehemiah a letter “to the governors of the province beyond the river,” requesting safe passage for him as he travelled through their lands. Later, in the medieval Islamic Caliphate, a form of passport was the bara’a, a receipt for taxes paid. Only people who paid their taxes were permitted to travel to different regions of the Caliphate. In medieval Europe, on the other hand, travel documents were issued by local authorities, and generally contained a list of towns and cities which the document holder was permitted to enter or pass through. On the whole, documents were not required for travel to seaports, which were considered open trading points, but documents were required to travel inland from seaports. King Henry V of England is credited with having invented the first true passport, as a way of helping his subjects prove who they were in foreign lands. The earliest reference to these documents is found in a 15th-century Act of Parliament, while the term “passport” came into use about a century later. Nevertheless, passports were not generally required for international travel until the First World War. It was at this time that passports as we would recognize them today began to be used.
How is the information in the passage organized?
- A In order of time.
- B By cause and effect.
- C In order of importance.
- D By definition and illustration.
思路引導 VIP
請同學仔細觀察文本中各段落的轉折語與關鍵標記，例如 $450$ B.C.、『medieval』、『15th-century』以及『First World War』。當一篇文章以此類特定的座標點來串聯歷史事件的演進時，這反映了作者採取了哪一種邏輯架構來組織資訊？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
哇，同學，太棒了！漂亮的判斷！你完全答對了！
這題考的是閱讀理解中非常核心的「文章組織結構」判斷，而你直接命中要害，選出了最精準的「In order of time」！
為什麼選A呢？「In order of time」代表文章是按照事件發生的先後順序來鋪陳資訊，也就是所謂的「時間順序法」或「編年體」。這類文章最明顯的特徵就是會出現明確的時間詞、日期，或是表示順序的連接詞（例如：in 1990、during the 20th century、first, then, next, finally、before, after）。如果你在原文中看到了這些時間標記，那麼選A絕對沒錯，表示你抓住了文章的脈絡！
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