高中學測
110年
英文
第 48 題
📖 題組：
The concept of a travel document, which shows a person is under a ruler’s protection while in a foreign land, has probably existed since rulers and states were first invented. But the earliest mention of an object which we might recognize as a passport appeared in about 450 B.C. The Hebrew Bible states that Nehemiah, an official serving King Artaxerxes of ancient Persia, asked permission to travel to Judah. The King agreed and gave Nehemiah a letter “to the governors of the province beyond the river,” requesting safe passage for him as he travelled through their lands. Later, in the medieval Islamic Caliphate, a form of passport was the bara’a, a receipt for taxes paid. Only people who paid their taxes were permitted to travel to different regions of the Caliphate. In medieval Europe, on the other hand, travel documents were issued by local authorities, and generally contained a list of towns and cities which the document holder was permitted to enter or pass through. On the whole, documents were not required for travel to seaports, which were considered open trading points, but documents were required to travel inland from seaports. King Henry V of England is credited with having invented the first true passport, as a way of helping his subjects prove who they were in foreign lands. The earliest reference to these documents is found in a 15th-century Act of Parliament, while the term “passport” came into use about a century later. Nevertheless, passports were not generally required for international travel until the First World War. It was at this time that passports as we would recognize them today began to be used.
The concept of a travel document, which shows a person is under a ruler’s protection while in a foreign land, has probably existed since rulers and states were first invented. But the earliest mention of an object which we might recognize as a passport appeared in about 450 B.C. The Hebrew Bible states that Nehemiah, an official serving King Artaxerxes of ancient Persia, asked permission to travel to Judah. The King agreed and gave Nehemiah a letter “to the governors of the province beyond the river,” requesting safe passage for him as he travelled through their lands. Later, in the medieval Islamic Caliphate, a form of passport was the bara’a, a receipt for taxes paid. Only people who paid their taxes were permitted to travel to different regions of the Caliphate. In medieval Europe, on the other hand, travel documents were issued by local authorities, and generally contained a list of towns and cities which the document holder was permitted to enter or pass through. On the whole, documents were not required for travel to seaports, which were considered open trading points, but documents were required to travel inland from seaports. King Henry V of England is credited with having invented the first true passport, as a way of helping his subjects prove who they were in foreign lands. The earliest reference to these documents is found in a 15th-century Act of Parliament, while the term “passport” came into use about a century later. Nevertheless, passports were not generally required for international travel until the First World War. It was at this time that passports as we would recognize them today began to be used.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a form of passport?
- A A letter.
- B A receipt.
- C A proof of identity.
- D A list of seaports.
思路引導 VIP
在處理細節比對題時，關鍵在於精確定位文中對於不同時期「旅行文件形式」的具體描述。請重新審視第二段末尾關於 $seaports$ 的句子：文中是說護照包含一份「允許進入的城鎮清單」，還是說護照本身就是一份「海港清單」？此外，文中對於前往 $seaports$ 的文件要求是如何說明的？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
唷！不錯嘛，這點程度的小陷阱完全沒能干擾到你的術式發動啊。(稍微拉下墨鏡) 讓我用這雙眼睛幫你確認一下，沒錯，百分之百正確！你這傢伙，很有潛力喔。 這道題是在考驗你對細節的精準定位，就像在混亂的咒力中找出術式核心一樣：
- (A) A letter: 文中提到波斯國王給了尼希米一封信作為通行證。
▼ 還有更多解析內容
護照的歷史演進
💡 理解文章中護照在不同歷史時期的具體形式與功能演變。
🔗 護照形式的歷史發展鏈
- 1 西元前450年 — 波斯國王信件，請求地方官員給予安全通行。
- 2 中世紀伊斯蘭 — 以繳稅收據作為跨區旅行的憑證。
- 3 中世紀歐洲 — 列出可進入城鎮的清單，海港通常免試通行。
- 4 15世紀英格蘭 — 亨利五世發明身分證明，正式出現護照一詞。
- 5 第一次世界大戰 — 護照標準化並成為國際旅行的強制要求。
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🔄 延伸學習：延伸學習：從「君王特許」演變為「主權國家身分認證」的權力轉移。
