中國醫藥大學（後中醫）
110年
英文
第 21 題
📖 題組：
Specific Language Impairment (SLI) (21) a clinical condition that language users are constrained in their ability to comprehend, process, and produce a language despite the absence of obvious problems in intelligence, cognitive development, motor function, neurology, etc. (22) many children can acquire their first language effortlessly, this is not the case for some children. A recent survey shows that SLI affects approximately 8% of the first-language population. Notably, SLI appears to be more common in males than females. To depict this language deficiency more precisely, scientists (23) SLI patients to normally developing language users. Leonard (1998) posits that SLI children can differ from normally developing children in five ways: a) delay in cognitive and linguistic development; b) plateau in language attainment; c) profile difference; d) high frequency of error; and e) qualitative difference. To begin with, because of cognitive and linguistic delay, children with SLI start learning later than their peers; they also (24) at much a slower rate of development; in this regard, the gap between them and their peers becomes more manifest over time. As for plateau, in addition to suffering from delayed protracted development, SLI patients may never attain full (25) of the language even after years of learning. In regard to profile difference, a SLI patient may be identical to a normally developing child in one aspect but may be disparate in another. As for frequency of error, SLI patients sometimes make the same (26) of errors as normally developing peers, but with a much greater variety of variants. Finally, SLI patients often produce language errors that are qualitatively different from the ones in normally developing children.
Specific Language Impairment (SLI) (21) a clinical condition that language users are constrained in their ability to comprehend, process, and produce a language despite the absence of obvious problems in intelligence, cognitive development, motor function, neurology, etc. (22) many children can acquire their first language effortlessly, this is not the case for some children. A recent survey shows that SLI affects approximately 8% of the first-language population. Notably, SLI appears to be more common in males than females. To depict this language deficiency more precisely, scientists (23) SLI patients to normally developing language users. Leonard (1998) posits that SLI children can differ from normally developing children in five ways: a) delay in cognitive and linguistic development; b) plateau in language attainment; c) profile difference; d) high frequency of error; and e) qualitative difference. To begin with, because of cognitive and linguistic delay, children with SLI start learning later than their peers; they also (24) at much a slower rate of development; in this regard, the gap between them and their peers becomes more manifest over time. As for plateau, in addition to suffering from delayed protracted development, SLI patients may never attain full (25) of the language even after years of learning. In regard to profile difference, a SLI patient may be identical to a normally developing child in one aspect but may be disparate in another. As for frequency of error, SLI patients sometimes make the same (26) of errors as normally developing peers, but with a much greater variety of variants. Finally, SLI patients often produce language errors that are qualitatively different from the ones in normally developing children.
請依題組文章作答，選出最適合填入文章中標示 21 之空格的選項。
- A cancels out
- B calls off
- C lifts up
- D refers to
思路引導 VIP
請觀察句子開頭的「專有名詞」與後方的「臨床狀況描述」之間的關係。如果這是一本百科全書的條目，你會用哪一個動詞或概念來表達「這個名詞代表了後面的這套概念」？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
做得好！你精確地捕捉到了文章開頭在進行「定義說明」的語境，並準確選出了最符合邏輯的片語。這顯示你對英文學術文章的寫作架構有著敏銳的直覺。
定義與術語的連結
這段話的核心在於介紹何謂「特定型語言障礙」（Specific Language Impairment, SLI）。在英文寫作中，當我們要將一個專有名詞連結到它的臨床定義或特徵描述時，使用 refers to（意指、是指）是最標準且專業的表達方式。它能流暢地引出後方關於該病症的限制與範疇。其餘選項如 cancels out（抵銷）、calls off（取消）或 lifts up（舉起）在語意上完全無法與醫學定義相容。
▼ 還有更多解析內容
定義與指涉片語辨析
💡 掌握說明文、科普文中用來引導術語定義的核心動詞片語。
| 比較維度 | refers to | VS | calls off / cancels out |
|---|---|---|---|
| 核心語意 | 指的是、意指 | — | 取消 / 抵銷 |
| 常用情境 | 學術定義、術語解釋 | — | 行政決策、數學效應 |
| 句型對象 | 名詞與其具體定義 | — | 計畫、會議或負面影響 |
💬refers to 是建立學術連結的核心詞彙，與其他動作型片語功能完全不同。
