hce_kmu
110年
英文
第 33 題
📖 題組：
In a recent research, 71 volunteers with metabolic syndrome were recruited, and they were divided into two groups at random. Both groups followed the DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) diet for three months, which is designed to combat high blood pressure. This Mediterranean-style diet includes lots of fruit and vegetables, whole-wheat products, nuts, fish, and lean white meat. One of the two groups started a fast before the DASH diet, while the other group stuck to their regular diet before the experiment. The researchers used stool samples to examine the effects of the fast on the gut microbiome. Gut bacteria work in close contact with the immune system. Some strains of bacteria metabolize dietary fiber into anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids that benefit the immune system. The composition of the gut bacteria ecosystem changes drastically during fasting. Health-promoting bacteria that help to reduce blood pressure multiply. The following is particularly noteworthy: “Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and the need for antihypertensive medication remained lower in the long run among volunteers who started the healthy diet after a fast,” explains one of the researchers. Some of these changes remain even after resumption of food intake. This result is thrilling; blood pressure normally shoots back up again when even one antihypertensive tablet is forgotten. The leading researcher of this study concludes that 35 .
In a recent research, 71 volunteers with metabolic syndrome were recruited, and they were divided into two groups at random. Both groups followed the DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) diet for three months, which is designed to combat high blood pressure. This Mediterranean-style diet includes lots of fruit and vegetables, whole-wheat products, nuts, fish, and lean white meat. One of the two groups started a fast before the DASH diet, while the other group stuck to their regular diet before the experiment. The researchers used stool samples to examine the effects of the fast on the gut microbiome. Gut bacteria work in close contact with the immune system. Some strains of bacteria metabolize dietary fiber into anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids that benefit the immune system. The composition of the gut bacteria ecosystem changes drastically during fasting. Health-promoting bacteria that help to reduce blood pressure multiply. The following is particularly noteworthy: “Body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and the need for antihypertensive medication remained lower in the long run among volunteers who started the healthy diet after a fast,” explains one of the researchers. Some of these changes remain even after resumption of food intake. This result is thrilling; blood pressure normally shoots back up again when even one antihypertensive tablet is forgotten. The leading researcher of this study concludes that 35 .
What did the doctor examine in order to measure the effect?
- A fruit, vegetables, nuts, fish, and lean white meat
- B a questionnaire given to the participants
- C samples of blood and urine
- D samples of the food that is not digested
- E samples of solid waste released from the body
思路引導 VIP
如果科學家想要研究住在『腸道』裡的細菌（Gut bacteria）發生了什麼變化，你覺得他們最直接能從身體的哪一種『產出物』中，採集到這些細菌的樣本來觀察呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能從長篇的學術研究報導中精準擷取關鍵資訊，並成功進行語意轉換，這顯示你的閱讀理解與詞彙對應能力非常紮實。這題的關鍵點在於文中明確提到：「The researchers used stool samples to examine the effects...」，這裡的 stool samples 指的就是「糞便樣本」。在選項中，我們需要尋找這個詞的正式描述或同義表達，而選項 (E) 的 solid waste released from the body（從身體排出的固體廢物）正是醫學與生物學上對糞便的精確代稱，你的判斷非常正確。
同義代換與科學文本的判讀
這道題目的鑑別度在於「語意對照」的層次。題目並非直接在選項中重複文中出現過的單字（stool），而是測試學生是否理解該詞彙的實質含義。雖然選項 (D) 提到「未消化的食物」，但在生理學意義上，包含細菌與代謝產物的「固體廢棄物」才是更完整且專業的描述。這類題目旨在區分「僅能檢索單字」與「能理解概念」的考生，你能冷靜排除干擾項，展現了優異的學術英語素養。