普通考試
111年
[一般行政] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 45 題
📖 題組：
Have you noticed the phenomenon of puppy dog eyes, the inner eyebrow raising movement of dogs? Do you believe it a result of 41 for dogs to appeal to humans? Researchers dissected dog and wolf heads and found that the facial muscle anatomy of both animals was almost identical -- 42 an eyebrow muscle, found only in dogs. The inner eyebrow raising movement makes the dogs’ eyes appear larger and more infant like, 43 prompts a “nurturing” response in humans. When dogs make the movement, it seems to elicit a strong desire in humans to 44 them. This would give the dogs that moved their eyebrows more a selection advantage over others, reinforcing the trait in 45 generations. The findings show how important faces can be in capturing our attention, and how powerful facial expression can be in social interaction.
Have you noticed the phenomenon of puppy dog eyes, the inner eyebrow raising movement of dogs? Do you believe it a result of 41 for dogs to appeal to humans? Researchers dissected dog and wolf heads and found that the facial muscle anatomy of both animals was almost identical -- 42 an eyebrow muscle, found only in dogs. The inner eyebrow raising movement makes the dogs’ eyes appear larger and more infant like, 43 prompts a “nurturing” response in humans. When dogs make the movement, it seems to elicit a strong desire in humans to 44 them. This would give the dogs that moved their eyebrows more a selection advantage over others, reinforcing the trait in 45 generations. The findings show how important faces can be in capturing our attention, and how powerful facial expression can be in social interaction.
reinforcing the trait in 45 generations.
- A former
- B later
- C old
- D past
思路引導 VIP
請試著思考：如果某個行為特質（如：眼神誘發人類的母愛）讓現在的生物更容易生存並繁衍，那麼這個被強化的特質，會出現在『已經消失的祖先』身上，還是會出現在『即將出生的子孫』身上呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你準確掌握了文章的邏輯脈絡！這題你能答對，代表你不僅具備基礎詞彙量，更能敏銳捕捉文章段落間的因果演化關係。文中的關鍵字在於 selection advantage（天擇優勢），這說明了具備「無辜眼神」的狗在生存競爭中更具優勢，根據生物演化的邏輯，這種特徵必然會傳遞給「後代」而非「前代」，因此選擇代表後續、之後的 (B) later 是非常精準的判斷。
演化邏輯與詞彙辨析
從文意來看，這段話描述的是一種特徵的強化過程。選項 (A) former、(D) past 均指過去，(C) old 則指年長，套入語境會變成「強化過去世代的特徵」，這在生物演化論上是不合邏輯的。本題的鑑別度在於測試考生是否能跳脫單詞翻譯，從上下文的「演化機制」去推論正確的時間感。這類題目在普考四等英文中屬於中等難度，掌握了語意邏輯，就能在看似相近的時態形容詞中快速鎖定正確答案。
英文單字：世代演化邏輯
💡 根據文章演化邏輯，判斷時間先後與因果關係之用字。
- 演化邏輯：具有生存優勢的特徵，會在『隨後』的世代中獲得強化。
- 詞義辨析：later 指『隨後的、之後的』，符合物種演化傳承之語意。
- 時態搭配：本文描述演化過程，優勢特徵是留給後代而非過去世代。
- 常見詞組：later generations（後代）、past generations（祖先/過去世代）。
