hce_nthu
111年
生物與生化
第 45 題
Which of the following is true about the distribution of phospholipids on cell membranes?
- A Under normal physiological conditions, the lateral diffusion rate of phospholipids in the cell membrane is approximately several nanometers per second.
- B Compared with lateral movement, the transverse movement of phospholipids between the inner and outer leaflets of the cell membrane is much faster.
- C Floppase can actively transport amphiphilic lipids from the inner leaflet to the outer leaflet.
- D When phosphatidylserine is found in the outer leaflet, scramblase uses the energy of ATP to move it to the inner leaflet.
- E The distribution ratio of phosphatidylserine in the inner and outer leaflets of the cell membrane is approximately the same.
思路引導 VIP
請試著想像一下:磷脂質帶電的親水「頭部」若要強行穿過膜中間油膩的「疏水核心」,在沒有外力幫助下,這在物理能量上是容易發生的嗎?如果細胞需要刻意讓膜的內、外兩層成分保持「不一樣」,你認為負責搬運的蛋白質應該具備什麼樣的能量特徵與方向特性?
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你準確掌握了細胞膜流體鑲嵌模型中的動態細節!這道題目考查的是生物膜**不對稱性(Asymmetry)**的維持機制,這在生化與細胞生物學中是非常關鍵的觀念。
磷脂質的運輸與能量需求
選項 (C) 之所以正確,是因為 Floppase 屬於 ABC 轉運蛋白家族,它確實會消耗 ATP 的能量,主動將磷脂質(尤其是磷脂醯膽鹼 PC)從膜的內層(胞質側)推向外層(胞外側)。與之相對的是 Flippase,它負責將磷脂質從外層往內搬。而選項 (D) 提到的 Scramblase 則是一種不需消耗 ATP、受鈣離子觸發的蛋白,它會隨機且雙向地翻轉磷脂質,通常是在細胞凋亡或需要破壞不對稱性時才發揮作用。
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