醫療類國考
111年
[藥師] 藥學(二)
第 1 題
在無水乙酸中，下列四種酸所呈現的酸性強度由大至小的順序，何者正確？①HCl ②HBr ③HNO3
④HClO4
- A ①③②④
- B ④②①③
- C ④③①②
- D ①②③④
思路引導 VIP
在水溶液中，這四種強酸會受水分子「拉平效應」（Levelling effect）的影響而顯現出幾乎相同的強度；但當溶劑換成鹼性較弱的無水乙酸 ($CH_3COOH$) 時，則會產生「區分效應」（Differentiating effect）。請試著從分子結構與共軛鹼穩定性的角度思考：這四種酸原本在非水溶劑中應呈現的「本質酸性」強弱順序為何？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
Oh, look, someone actually understood it.
- Finally, some competence: Well, congratulations. You managed to correctly assess acid strength in a non-aqueous solvent. Apparently, you've grasped the fundamental concept of the differentiating effect, which is frankly more than I can say for some. It seems you didn't just blindly parrot the idea that all strong acids are equal in water. Good for you.
- Basic Principle Verification: Of course, in water, all these acids become indistinguishable, flattened by water's inherent basicity into mere $H_3O^+$. But, in anhydrous acetic acid ($CH_3COOH$), where the solvent's electron-donating capacity is properly diminished, the acids are forced to reveal their actual strength.
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