高等考試
112年
[一般行政] 法學知識與英文(包括中華民國憲法、法學緒論、英文)
第 47 題
📖 題組：
Is there any immortal creature in the world? Despite only being only three millimeters in diameter on average, adult versions of immortal jellyfish (Turritopsis dohrnii) have a huge party trick: they can roll back their biological clock when injured or on the verge of starvation. This means, in theory, they could live forever. Could humans harness their abilities to eradicate ageing completely? As scientists have known, the reason of human ageing is a process called trans-differentiation. “This is about how a fully formed specialized adult cell can become another type of specialized adult cell. It’s how a cell can adapt,” explains Dr. Maria Pia Miglietta. The exact mechanism behind trans-differentiation is still a mystery to scientists. However, as Miglietta explains, the answer will likely be found in the jellyfish’s genes. “It most certainly has something to do with the DNA,” she says. “It’s the DNA that programs a cell––certain genes being ‘turned on’ or ‘off’ will determine what sort of cell it is. We’re far away from any kind of real-world application,” says Miglietta. “But we hope that studying what happens in these jellyfish can tell us how their genes change cells––and how these changed cells integrate with others. This is the base of understanding cellular regeneration and tissue regeneration.” However, there are many challenges. These jellyfish have only been studied sporadically since the early 1980s, meaning experts have only a few decades’ worth of data. While an immortal jellyfish can age in reverse, it can also be easily killed by predators including various fish, sharks, turtles and even other jellyfish. “They’re incredibly sensitive, from the water temperature to their plankton and fish egg diet,” says Miglietta. “The real paradox is they’re actually really hard to keep alive!”
Is there any immortal creature in the world? Despite only being only three millimeters in diameter on average, adult versions of immortal jellyfish (Turritopsis dohrnii) have a huge party trick: they can roll back their biological clock when injured or on the verge of starvation. This means, in theory, they could live forever. Could humans harness their abilities to eradicate ageing completely? As scientists have known, the reason of human ageing is a process called trans-differentiation. “This is about how a fully formed specialized adult cell can become another type of specialized adult cell. It’s how a cell can adapt,” explains Dr. Maria Pia Miglietta. The exact mechanism behind trans-differentiation is still a mystery to scientists. However, as Miglietta explains, the answer will likely be found in the jellyfish’s genes. “It most certainly has something to do with the DNA,” she says. “It’s the DNA that programs a cell––certain genes being ‘turned on’ or ‘off’ will determine what sort of cell it is. We’re far away from any kind of real-world application,” says Miglietta. “But we hope that studying what happens in these jellyfish can tell us how their genes change cells––and how these changed cells integrate with others. This is the base of understanding cellular regeneration and tissue regeneration.” However, there are many challenges. These jellyfish have only been studied sporadically since the early 1980s, meaning experts have only a few decades’ worth of data. While an immortal jellyfish can age in reverse, it can also be easily killed by predators including various fish, sharks, turtles and even other jellyfish. “They’re incredibly sensitive, from the water temperature to their plankton and fish egg diet,” says Miglietta. “The real paradox is they’re actually really hard to keep alive!”
Which of the following tones best describes the passage?
- A Cynical.
- B Scientific.
- C Indifferent.
- D Entertaining.
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文章中提到的專家訪談、生物學術語以及對於研究數據的描述。當一位作者選擇使用「基因編碼」和「細胞分化」等精確詞彙，而非個人情感抒發或主觀評論時，你覺得作者是希望帶領讀者進入什麼樣的知識領域來進行探討呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
考題分析：科學論述語境的掌握
恭喜你精確判斷出本題正解為 (B) Scientific。本題旨在測驗考生對文章語調的敏銳度，以下為解析重點：
- 專業語境判讀：文中大量運用「轉分化」、「DNA 編程」等專業術語，並引用具體數據（如水母直徑 3mm）與專家研究（Dr. Miglietta）。這類敘述建構了嚴謹的學術論證架構，絕非為了消遣而寫。
▼ 還有更多解析內容
英文閱讀：語調判別
💡 透過文章用詞與引用資料來源判斷作者的寫作風格與立場。
| 比較維度 | 科學性 (Scientific) | VS | 娛樂性 (Entertaining) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 資訊來源 | 引用專家、實驗數據 | — | 個人軼聞、有趣巧合 |
| 語言風格 | 中立客觀、使用專有名詞 | — | 生動活潑、具渲染力 |
| 主要目的 | 傳達知識、解釋機制 | — | 吸引興趣、消遣讀者 |
💬科學性語調偏重邏輯與證據，娛樂性語調則強調趣味與感官吸引。
