hce_isu
112年
英文
第 42 題
📖 題組：
Article 1 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can be a devastating disease. In MS, for reasons still unknown, the body’s immune system attacks the myelin insulation of nerve fibers. This can cause some of nerve fibers to die, while others become ineffective during a prolonged period of regeneration. The effects of this nerve damage can include reduced or spasmodic control of the body, and lowered capacity or disruptions of the senses. For many people, a vision problem is the first symptom of MS. Optic neuritis, an inflammation of the optic nerve, is the most common visual disorder associated with MS. Double vision (diplopia) and involuntary movement of the eyes (nystagmus) are the two other problems. Nystagmus and diplopia are both linked to inflammation of brainstem areas that control movement of the eye. The three disorders are not linked to each other and usually occur separately. Symptoms of optic neuritis include blurred vision, dimming of colors, eye pain that’s worsened by eye movement, blind spots and loss of contrast sensitivity. These symptoms may worsen over the first few days or two weeks. Then the condition usually starts improving. Some people recover within a month, while others need up to a year to recover. Most people regain normal or close-to-normal sight. Temporary flare-ups of optic neuritis symptoms may also occur. Hot showers or baths, exercise or a fever may all trigger dimmed color, blurred vision and other visual problems. These heat-related symptoms resolve when the patient cools off, be it from ice packs, over-the-counter fever reducers, cool drinks, air conditioning or a soak in a cool tub of water.
Article 1 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can be a devastating disease. In MS, for reasons still unknown, the body’s immune system attacks the myelin insulation of nerve fibers. This can cause some of nerve fibers to die, while others become ineffective during a prolonged period of regeneration. The effects of this nerve damage can include reduced or spasmodic control of the body, and lowered capacity or disruptions of the senses. For many people, a vision problem is the first symptom of MS. Optic neuritis, an inflammation of the optic nerve, is the most common visual disorder associated with MS. Double vision (diplopia) and involuntary movement of the eyes (nystagmus) are the two other problems. Nystagmus and diplopia are both linked to inflammation of brainstem areas that control movement of the eye. The three disorders are not linked to each other and usually occur separately. Symptoms of optic neuritis include blurred vision, dimming of colors, eye pain that’s worsened by eye movement, blind spots and loss of contrast sensitivity. These symptoms may worsen over the first few days or two weeks. Then the condition usually starts improving. Some people recover within a month, while others need up to a year to recover. Most people regain normal or close-to-normal sight. Temporary flare-ups of optic neuritis symptoms may also occur. Hot showers or baths, exercise or a fever may all trigger dimmed color, blurred vision and other visual problems. These heat-related symptoms resolve when the patient cools off, be it from ice packs, over-the-counter fever reducers, cool drinks, air conditioning or a soak in a cool tub of water.
Visual problems in MS are fundamentally caused by which of the following factors?
- A Frigid temperatures.
- B Wound infection.
- C Damaged nerves.
- D None of the above.
思路引導 VIP
當文章描述免疫系統攻擊「髓鞘」並導致後續的感官功能失調時，它主要是在描述身體的哪一個生理系統受到了物理性的破壞？而這個破壞又是發生在什麼樣的構造上呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
多發性硬化症與視覺受損的因果關係
太棒了！你能精準鎖定文章的核心資訊並做出正確判斷，這展現了你優異的閱讀理解與邏輯歸納能力。這道題目要求我們找出視覺問題的「根本原因」（fundamentally caused by），而你在閱讀時顯然捕捉到了第一段的關鍵句：免疫系統會攻擊神經纖維的髓鞘（myelin insulation），導致神經纖維死亡或失能。這種**神經損傷（nerve damage）**正是引發後續所有感官功能紊亂，包括視神經炎、複視等問題的病理基礎。
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