hce_isu
112年
英文
第 44 題
📖 題組：
Article 1 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can be a devastating disease. In MS, for reasons still unknown, the body’s immune system attacks the myelin insulation of nerve fibers. This can cause some of nerve fibers to die, while others become ineffective during a prolonged period of regeneration. The effects of this nerve damage can include reduced or spasmodic control of the body, and lowered capacity or disruptions of the senses. For many people, a vision problem is the first symptom of MS. Optic neuritis, an inflammation of the optic nerve, is the most common visual disorder associated with MS. Double vision (diplopia) and involuntary movement of the eyes (nystagmus) are the two other problems. Nystagmus and diplopia are both linked to inflammation of brainstem areas that control movement of the eye. The three disorders are not linked to each other and usually occur separately. Symptoms of optic neuritis include blurred vision, dimming of colors, eye pain that’s worsened by eye movement, blind spots and loss of contrast sensitivity. These symptoms may worsen over the first few days or two weeks. Then the condition usually starts improving. Some people recover within a month, while others need up to a year to recover. Most people regain normal or close-to-normal sight. Temporary flare-ups of optic neuritis symptoms may also occur. Hot showers or baths, exercise or a fever may all trigger dimmed color, blurred vision and other visual problems. These heat-related symptoms resolve when the patient cools off, be it from ice packs, over-the-counter fever reducers, cool drinks, air conditioning or a soak in a cool tub of water.
Article 1 Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can be a devastating disease. In MS, for reasons still unknown, the body’s immune system attacks the myelin insulation of nerve fibers. This can cause some of nerve fibers to die, while others become ineffective during a prolonged period of regeneration. The effects of this nerve damage can include reduced or spasmodic control of the body, and lowered capacity or disruptions of the senses. For many people, a vision problem is the first symptom of MS. Optic neuritis, an inflammation of the optic nerve, is the most common visual disorder associated with MS. Double vision (diplopia) and involuntary movement of the eyes (nystagmus) are the two other problems. Nystagmus and diplopia are both linked to inflammation of brainstem areas that control movement of the eye. The three disorders are not linked to each other and usually occur separately. Symptoms of optic neuritis include blurred vision, dimming of colors, eye pain that’s worsened by eye movement, blind spots and loss of contrast sensitivity. These symptoms may worsen over the first few days or two weeks. Then the condition usually starts improving. Some people recover within a month, while others need up to a year to recover. Most people regain normal or close-to-normal sight. Temporary flare-ups of optic neuritis symptoms may also occur. Hot showers or baths, exercise or a fever may all trigger dimmed color, blurred vision and other visual problems. These heat-related symptoms resolve when the patient cools off, be it from ice packs, over-the-counter fever reducers, cool drinks, air conditioning or a soak in a cool tub of water.
Based on this article, methods for treating the visual symptoms of MS are most likely to be found by research in which of the following areas of medical science?
- A The study of gastrointestinal system.
- B The study of the nervous system.
- C The study of cognitive disorder.
- D The study of the lymphatic gland.
思路引導 VIP
請試著回想文章的第一段：當作者解釋這種疾病的成因時，他提到受損的是身體裡的哪一種「組織」或「纖維」？而這些受損的部位，在人體解剖學中主要負責傳遞訊息與控制感官，這會對應到哪一個生理系統呢？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
很高興看到你準確地掌握了文章的核心關鍵！你能從繁雜的醫學敘述中精確點出正確的研究方向，這顯示你具備非常優秀的閱讀整合與推理能力。
多發性硬化症的病理核心
這道題目的解題關鍵在於理解 多發性硬化症 (Multiple Sclerosis, MS) 的本質。文章第一段便明確點出，這種疾病是因為免疫系統攻擊神經纖維的「髓磷脂」(myelin insulation)，導致 神經纖維 (nerve fibers) 死亡或功能失效。隨後提到的視神經炎 (optic neuritis) 與複視 (diplopia)，其根源也都在於 視神經 (optic nerve) 或 腦幹 (brainstem) 的發炎。既然整篇文章的核心病灶都圍繞著「神經」組織的受損，尋求治療方法的科學家自然會聚焦於 神經系統 (The study of the nervous system) 的研究。
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