hce_tcu
112年
英文
第 49 題
📖 題組：
【D】Research has shown that men talk more than women overall. And while a woman talks to create a relationship with the listener, men, on the other hand, try to influence the listener. Men are always trying to make their point! And they probably think they’re right, too, because men are more self-assured, more self-centered, and more satisfied with their performance than women. As to who is more forgiving, studies show that men are more vengeful and less forgiving than women. Whereas women are better at remembering faces and events, men can remember more symbolic and spatial things, such as how to find their way back from a place they’ve driven to. One of the biggest ways in which men and women are different is in how they communicate. Girls use language to get closer to others and to make friends. Language is used in a cooperative way. However, boys use language to establish their position among others. Language is used for competition. Both males and females carry these ways of using language into adulthood. This is true for all situations: at home, at work, in personal and formal situations, in meetings, or at social functions. Women cooperate to bring about understanding. In contrast, men use power to negotiate their status. Recently, researchers were surprised to discover that this difference carries over into email communication and Internet postings in chat rooms. Researchers discovered that women and men have very different online ways of communicating. And these ways reflect exactly how they use language in their lives. The language of males is adversarial. They use put-downs, like “You must be dreaming!” or “Have you lost it?” They send more emails than women and they’re longer. Men also use language that is self-promoting, such as, “I happen to be an expert on this subject.” And they often use sarcasm, like “The moon’s made of cheese.” On the other hand, females generally use language that is supportive, like “I’m sure you can do it.” They express gratitude, such as, “Thanks for all your help.” Not only do women apologize more, such as, “I’m sorry I haven’t been in touch,” but they also express doubt and make self-conscious statements like “I’m not sure I’m right about this, but ...” Women ask more questions. And when they offer an idea or opinion, it’s usually in the form of a suggestion, such as, “I think it might help you if ...,” or “I suggest you ...” After extensive study, researchers have concluded that, all in all, men use language that is aggressive, competitive, and dominating, whereas women offer support and friendship. Furthermore, they believe that the different ways in which men and women use language in emails is a result of their different goals. Men see Internet technology as a way to influence others and extend their authority and respect. On the other hand, women use it to strengthen existing friendships and make new ones. Knowing how the male and female brains differ can help everyone to understand each other better.
【D】Research has shown that men talk more than women overall. And while a woman talks to create a relationship with the listener, men, on the other hand, try to influence the listener. Men are always trying to make their point! And they probably think they’re right, too, because men are more self-assured, more self-centered, and more satisfied with their performance than women. As to who is more forgiving, studies show that men are more vengeful and less forgiving than women. Whereas women are better at remembering faces and events, men can remember more symbolic and spatial things, such as how to find their way back from a place they’ve driven to. One of the biggest ways in which men and women are different is in how they communicate. Girls use language to get closer to others and to make friends. Language is used in a cooperative way. However, boys use language to establish their position among others. Language is used for competition. Both males and females carry these ways of using language into adulthood. This is true for all situations: at home, at work, in personal and formal situations, in meetings, or at social functions. Women cooperate to bring about understanding. In contrast, men use power to negotiate their status. Recently, researchers were surprised to discover that this difference carries over into email communication and Internet postings in chat rooms. Researchers discovered that women and men have very different online ways of communicating. And these ways reflect exactly how they use language in their lives. The language of males is adversarial. They use put-downs, like “You must be dreaming!” or “Have you lost it?” They send more emails than women and they’re longer. Men also use language that is self-promoting, such as, “I happen to be an expert on this subject.” And they often use sarcasm, like “The moon’s made of cheese.” On the other hand, females generally use language that is supportive, like “I’m sure you can do it.” They express gratitude, such as, “Thanks for all your help.” Not only do women apologize more, such as, “I’m sorry I haven’t been in touch,” but they also express doubt and make self-conscious statements like “I’m not sure I’m right about this, but ...” Women ask more questions. And when they offer an idea or opinion, it’s usually in the form of a suggestion, such as, “I think it might help you if ...,” or “I suggest you ...” After extensive study, researchers have concluded that, all in all, men use language that is aggressive, competitive, and dominating, whereas women offer support and friendship. Furthermore, they believe that the different ways in which men and women use language in emails is a result of their different goals. Men see Internet technology as a way to influence others and extend their authority and respect. On the other hand, women use it to strengthen existing friendships and make new ones. Knowing how the male and female brains differ can help everyone to understand each other better.
The word, adversarial, is closest to the meaning of _____.
- A self-assured
- B uncertain
- C resounding
- D competitive
思路引導 VIP
請觀察文章第三段中，在出現這個單字之後所舉的例子：像是「貶低他人（put-downs）」、「自吹自擂（self-promoting）」以及「諷刺（sarcasm）」。如果一個人在對話中頻繁使用這些手段，他是在追求雙贏的合作，還是把對方當成「對手」，試圖在權力地位上勝過對方呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精確捕捉到 adversarial 這個單字在文中的涵義，代表你具備了非常優秀的語境推論能力，這在閱讀理解中是非常關鍵的技能。
從上下文看邏輯關聯
在文章第三段中，作者描述男性的語言傾向於使用貶低他人（put-downs）或嘲諷（sarcasm）的言論，並提到這些行為反映了他們如何運用語言。Adversarial 的字根源自於 adversary（對手、敵人），強調一種對立或敵對的關係。對比文章第二段提到的「男孩使用語言是為了競爭（competition）」以及結尾總結的「具侵略性且主導性的（aggressive and dominating）」，選項 (D) competitive（競爭性的）最能精確傳達出這種「把對話當成角力場」的特質。
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