慈濟大學（後中醫）
112年
英文
第 50 題
📖 題組：
【D】Research has shown that men talk more than women overall. And while a woman talks to create a relationship with the listener, men, on the other hand, try to influence the listener. Men are always trying to make their point! And they probably think they’re right, too, because men are more self-assured, more self-centered, and more satisfied with their performance than women. As to who is more forgiving, studies show that men are more vengeful and less forgiving than women. Whereas women are better at remembering faces and events, men can remember more symbolic and spatial things, such as how to find their way back from a place they’ve driven to.
One of the biggest ways in which men and women are different is in how they communicate. Girls use language to get closer to others and to make friends. Language is used in a cooperative way. However, boys use language to establish their position among others. Language is used for competition. Both males and females carry these ways of using language into adulthood. This is true for all situations: at home, at work, in personal and formal situations, in meetings, or at social functions. Women cooperate to bring about understanding. In contrast, men use power to negotiate their status. Recently, researchers were surprised to discover that this difference carries over into email communication and Internet postings in chat rooms.
Researchers discovered that women and men have very different online ways of communicating. And these ways reflect exactly how they use language in their lives. The language of males is adversarial. They use put-downs, like “You must be dreaming!” or “Have you lost it?” They send more emails than women and they’re longer. Men also use language that is self-promoting, such as, “I happen to be an expert on this subject.” And they often use $\underline{\text{sarcasm}}$, like “The moon’s made of cheese.” On the other hand, females generally use language that is supportive, like “I’m sure you can do it.” They express gratitude, such as, “Thanks for all your help.” Not only do women apologize more, such as, “I’m sorry I haven’t been in touch,” but they also express doubt and make self-conscious statements like “I’m not sure I’m right about this, but ...” Women ask more questions. And when they offer an idea or opinion, it’s usually in the form of a suggestion, such as, “I think it might help you if ...,” or “I suggest you ...”
After extensive study, researchers have concluded that, all in all, men use language that is aggressive, competitive, and dominating, whereas women offer support and friendship. Furthermore, they believe that the different ways in which men and women use language in emails is a result of their different goals. Men see Internet technology as a way to influence others and extend their authority and respect. On the other hand, women use it to strengthen existing friendships and make new ones. Knowing how the male and female brains differ can help everyone to understand each other better.
【D】Research has shown that men talk more than women overall. And while a woman talks to create a relationship with the listener, men, on the other hand, try to influence the listener. Men are always trying to make their point! And they probably think they’re right, too, because men are more self-assured, more self-centered, and more satisfied with their performance than women. As to who is more forgiving, studies show that men are more vengeful and less forgiving than women. Whereas women are better at remembering faces and events, men can remember more symbolic and spatial things, such as how to find their way back from a place they’ve driven to.
One of the biggest ways in which men and women are different is in how they communicate. Girls use language to get closer to others and to make friends. Language is used in a cooperative way. However, boys use language to establish their position among others. Language is used for competition. Both males and females carry these ways of using language into adulthood. This is true for all situations: at home, at work, in personal and formal situations, in meetings, or at social functions. Women cooperate to bring about understanding. In contrast, men use power to negotiate their status. Recently, researchers were surprised to discover that this difference carries over into email communication and Internet postings in chat rooms.
Researchers discovered that women and men have very different online ways of communicating. And these ways reflect exactly how they use language in their lives. The language of males is adversarial. They use put-downs, like “You must be dreaming!” or “Have you lost it?” They send more emails than women and they’re longer. Men also use language that is self-promoting, such as, “I happen to be an expert on this subject.” And they often use $\underline{\text{sarcasm}}$, like “The moon’s made of cheese.” On the other hand, females generally use language that is supportive, like “I’m sure you can do it.” They express gratitude, such as, “Thanks for all your help.” Not only do women apologize more, such as, “I’m sorry I haven’t been in touch,” but they also express doubt and make self-conscious statements like “I’m not sure I’m right about this, but ...” Women ask more questions. And when they offer an idea or opinion, it’s usually in the form of a suggestion, such as, “I think it might help you if ...,” or “I suggest you ...”
After extensive study, researchers have concluded that, all in all, men use language that is aggressive, competitive, and dominating, whereas women offer support and friendship. Furthermore, they believe that the different ways in which men and women use language in emails is a result of their different goals. Men see Internet technology as a way to influence others and extend their authority and respect. On the other hand, women use it to strengthen existing friendships and make new ones. Knowing how the male and female brains differ can help everyone to understand each other better.
What does the underlined word sarcasm mean in the third paragraph of the passage?
- A meaninglessness
- B ridicule or insult
- C misery
- D reasonableness
思路引導 VIP
請先看看第三段開頭是如何形容男性在網路上的溝通風格的？當有人在爭論中故意對你說「月亮是起司做的」這種明顯荒謬的話時，你覺得他真正的用意是在做什麼呢？
🤖
AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你非常精準地選出了正確答案 (B)，代表你不僅單字量扎實，更掌握了閱讀測驗中至關重要的「上下文推論（context clues）」技巧。
語境線索與語氣一致性
在第三段中，作者先點出男性的網路語言具有敵對性（adversarial），並會使用貶低他人的話語（put-downs），例如「你一定是在作夢！」。接著提到的 sarcasm（諷刺、挖苦），後面搭配了例句 "The moon’s made of cheese."（月亮是起司做的），這在英文中是用極度荒謬的陳述來反諷對方說的話有多麼不切實際。因此，順著前文「貶低、具攻擊性」的語氣脈絡，就能順利推導出帶有嘲弄與侮辱意味的 ridicule or insult。
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