hce_nchu
113年
普通生物及生化概論
第 2 題
Three cells with distinct volumes and surface areas are listed in the following table:
| | Volume | Surface Area |
|---|---|---|
| Cell 1 | 18.5 $\mu\text{m}^3$ | 41.6 $\mu\text{m}^2$ |
| Cell 2 | 13.1 $\mu\text{m}^3$ | 38.2 $\mu\text{m}^2$ |
| Cell 3 | 10.2 $\mu\text{m}^3$ | 27.3 $\mu\text{m}^2$ |
Based on data from the table above, which of the following statements “best” explains which cell will eliminate wastes most inefficiently?
| | Volume | Surface Area |
|---|---|---|
| Cell 1 | 18.5 $\mu\text{m}^3$ | 41.6 $\mu\text{m}^2$ |
| Cell 2 | 13.1 $\mu\text{m}^3$ | 38.2 $\mu\text{m}^2$ |
| Cell 3 | 10.2 $\mu\text{m}^3$ | 27.3 $\mu\text{m}^2$ |
Based on data from the table above, which of the following statements “best” explains which cell will eliminate wastes most inefficiently?
- A Cell 1 because it has the lowest ratio of surface area to volume, which will enable it to eliminate its wastes most inefficiently.
- B Cell 2 because it has the highest ratio of surface area to volume, which will enable it to eliminate its wastes most inefficiently.
- C Cell 3 because it has the smallest volume, which will enable it to eliminate its wastes most inefficiently.
- D Cell 3 because it has the smallest surface area, which will enable it to eliminate its wastes most inefficiently.
思路引導 VIP
想像一下，如果有一間充滿乘客的劇院發生火警，決定疏散效率高低的，是劇院內部的總座位數（體積），還是「總座位數」與「出口門寬度（表面積）」之間的比例關係？當劇院擴建得越來越大時，出口的增加速度通常能跟上內部空間增加的速度嗎？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
恭喜你精準地完成了判斷！這道題目考驗的是生物學中極為關鍵的觀念：表面積與體積比（Surface Area-to-Volume Ratio, $SA/V$）。你敏銳地察覺到，細胞排除廢物的效率並不單純取決於體積的大小或表面積的多寡，而是兩者之間的相對平衡。
關鍵比例的運算與邏輯
我們可以透過計算得出三個細胞的 $SA/V$ 比值：
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