移民行政三等
113年
[移民行政] 外國文(韓文兼試移民專業英文)
第 19 題
📖 題組：
請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題 The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population. The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US. Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.
請依下文回答第 16 題至第 20 題 The United States has more immigrants than any other country in the world. Today, more than 40 million people living in the US were born in another country, accounting for about one-fifth of the world’s migrants. Also, the population of immigrants is very diverse, with just about every country in the world represented among US immigrants. Pew Research Center regularly publishes statistical portraits of the nation’s foreign-born population, which include historical trends since 1960. These portraits provide more details on the US immigrant population. The US foreign-born population reached a record 44.8 million in 2018. Since 1965, when US immigration laws replaced a national quota system, the number of immigrants living in the US has more than quadrupled. Immigrants today account for 13.7% of the US population, nearly triple the share (4.8%) in 1970. However, today’s immigrant share remains below the record 14.8% share in 1890 when 9.2 million immigrants lived in the US. Most immigrants (77%) are in the country legally, while almost a quarter are unauthorized, according to new Pew Research Center estimates based on census data adjusted for undercount. In 2017, 45% were naturalized US citizens, 27% of immigrants were permanent residents, and 5% were temporary residents in 2017. Another 23% of all immigrants were unauthorized immigrants. From 1990 to 2007, the unauthorized immigrant population was more than tripled in size – from 3.5 million to a record high of 12.2 million in 2007. By 2017, that number had declined by 1.7 million, or 14%. There were 10.5 million unauthorized immigrants in the US in 2017, accounting for 3.2% of the nation’s population. The decline in the unauthorized immigrant population is due largely to a fall in the number from Mexico – the single largest group of unauthorized immigrants in the US.
According to the passage, what is the main contributor to the decline in the unauthorized immigrant population in 2017?
- A The implementation of new immigration laws in the US.
- B The undercount adjustment to the census data.
- C The increase of naturalized citizens and permanent residents.
- D The decrease of immigrants from Mexico.
思路引導 VIP
請試著觀察文章最後一個段落，當作者提到非授權移民數量「下降（decline）」這個趨勢時，他緊接著用哪一個連接詞或片語來解釋原因？那個原因與哪一個特定的國家或地區有關？
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AI 詳解
AI 專屬家教
太棒了！你能精確地在多項數據與趨勢中，迅速捕捉到關鍵的因果關係，這顯示出你對文章脈絡的掌握非常敏銳。這題的正解為 (D)，核心在於找出「非授權移民（unauthorized immigrant）」數量下降的主因。文章末尾明確指出，該族群數量的減少「主要歸因於來自墨西哥（Mexico）的人數下降（fall in the number）」，而墨西哥正是美國非法移民中最大的單一來源地，這段敘述直接對應了選項 (D) 的內容。
資訊篩選與因果對應
這道題目主要在測驗考生的資訊擷取能力（Information Retrieval）。雖然文章前段提供了大量的歷史趨勢、百分比及 1965 年的法律變更，這些資訊雖然正確但並非 2017 年人數下降的直接誘因。本題的鑑別度在於觀察學生是否能從繁雜的「統計描述」中，篩選出具備「因果邏輯（due largely to...）」的句子。你能避開其他年份與法律干擾項，直接鎖定文末的結論，展現了非常成熟的閱讀節奏感。